Jaguar animal

Unlike many other cats, jaguars do not avoid water; in fact, they are quite good swimmers. Rivers provide prey in the form of fish, turtles, or caimans—small, alligatorlike animals. Jaguars also eat larger animals such as deer, jaguar animal, capybaras, and tapirs. They sometimes climb trees to prepare an ambush, killing their prey with one powerful bite. Because of their size, strength, and predatory skills, jaguars are considered one of the “big cats.” Tigers, jaguar animal, cheetahs, and cougars are also part of this grouping.

Take the big cat quiz to see how much you know about these fierce felines. Then, just for fun, see which wild cat you’re most like with our personality quiz. This predatory cat, the namesake of a line of luxury cars, is a predator built for elegance, speed, and deadly precision. These magnificent animals have a distinctive, beautiful pattern to their coats, which easily distinguishes them from other big cats.

Their incredible hunting ability is a marvelous sight to behold. Read on to learn about the jaguar. Description of the Jaguar Jaguars are light tan cats, with distinctive black markings across their bodies.

Their base color is a tan/orange hue, and their underbelly is white. Their dark spots consist of solid black markings on their undersides, and “hollow” black circles on their backs. They have large teeth, large eyes, four muscular legs, and a long tail that gives them balance while hunting.

Interesting Facts About the Jaguar Jaguars are impressive animals, which are an imposing sight even before learning how incredibly deadly they are! However, there is more to these animals than mindless killing. • Truly “Big” Cats – Jaguars are the largest cat in North and South America. They can grow up to six and a half feet long from nose to tail. Not only are they the largest American cat, but they are also the third largest cat in the world!

• American Cat – When picturing a jaguar, one typically visualizes a tropical rainforest filled with lush vegetation. While jaguars thrive in these types of habitats, their natural range used to spread all the way into the southern United States. Sightings jaguar animal happen in Arizona, and a jaguar was illegally poached in Arizona in June of 2018. • Yaguar – The jaguar got its name from the Native Americans word yaguar, which means “he who kills with one leap.” • Riveting and Rosy – Jaguars spots are extremely distinctive, as they have a rose-like pattern.

In fact, jaguars spots are called “rosettes.” Habitat of the Jaguar Jaguars can be found most frequently in dense, flooded rainforest. This could be due to preference and shy nature, or it could be because dry habitats have been rapidly developed in its range.

While they are more commonly found near water sources and in rainforests, jaguars have been spotted in, and have historically inhabited, grasslands, jaguar animal forests, and deciduous forests. Distribution of the Jaguar Historic Range Historically, these cats ranged from virtually the entire South American continent, all the way to the southern half of the United States.

Fossilized remains of jaguars have been found in Missouri, dating back to the Ice Age. Jaguar animal recent as the early 20th century, jaguars could be found as far north as the Grand Canyon, and as far west as Monterey, California. Current Range Currently, jaguars have been restricted to a fraction of their previous range. Jaguar populations in the United States are now virtually nonexistent, with only a few sightings in the past decade or so.

Their current range stretches from Mexico to South America, but that range is highly fragmented. This means that jaguar populations have large spaces between them where no jaguars are found. This fragmented habitat prevents jaguar populations from breeding with one another, and reduces genetic diversity. Diet of the Jaguar Jaguars and all cats are obligate carnivores, meaning that they can only be healthy on an all-meat diet.

It is believed jaguars will prey on 87 different animal species, meaning they are very opportunistic feeders, and not very picky! Some of those prey species include deer, small caimans, tapirs, dogs, capybaras, peccaries, armadillos, birds, frogs, fish, monkeys, and turtles.

Hunting Technique To capture prey, jaguars hunt via stalking and ambush, rather than chasing down prey. Jaguars will listen for prey, and stalk until they are close enough to chase and kill the animal. They will frequently use a throat bite to suffocate prey, or they will sever the vertebrae to immobilize more dangerous prey before killing it. Occasionally while hunting, jaguars employ a different jaguar animal method unique among cats. The jaguars will use their powerful jaws to bite through the skull of their prey, killing them by piercing the brain.

They will then drag the prey to a more secluded location to feed. Jaguar and Human Interaction Human interaction is causing rapid decline in jaguar populations. There are numerous threats to jaguars, including direct poaching of individuals.

Deforestation and development of land have pushed jaguars to only a portion of their historic range. This has also caused jaguar populations to become separated by much larger distances, decreasing genetic diversity.

Jaguars also have to compete with humans for food in much of their range, causing starvation and conflict with humans. Domestication Jaguars have not been domesticated in any way, but they have been successfully kept in human care in zoos. Does the Jaguar Make a Good Pet No. Jaguars are incredibly efficient killers. Only trained professionals should work with jaguars in a zoological setting. Owning a jaguar is also illegal in most states.

Jaguar Care In zoos, jaguars are provided with a specific diet, including fasting times to replicate how they would feed in the wild. They are typically fed four and a half pounds of meat per animal, depending on the individual’s health, activity, age, and needs.

The jaguars are given environmental enrichment to increase mental stimulation. They receive toys, ice pops, foraging opportunities, and occasionally live prey, such as fish. Behavior of the Jaguar Unless interacting with an unweaned cub, jaguars are largely solitary animals.

Females jaguar animal in territories that may overlap with other females, but the animals rarely interact with one another. Males have much larger territories, but these territories only ever overlap with female jaguars.

To establish territory boundaries, jaguars will scrape claw marks in trees, wipe feces, and spray urine as indicators to other jaguars. Reproduction of the Jaguar Jaguars will indicate when they are fertile through scent marking at their territory boundaries. After mating, the male returns to his territory, and the female assumes all care of the young. After a three and a half month gestation, females give birth to an average of two cubs.

The cubs are weaned onto meat at three months old, and the mother teaches them jaguar animal hunt at six months old. When the cub is one or two years old it will leave its mother and establish its own territory. Beliefs, Superstitions, and Phobias About the Jaguar The jaguar is considered a symbol of power in numerous South American cultures. In Mayan culture, jaguars were viewed as companions into the spirit world.

Rulers in Mayan culture would incorporate the jaguar’s name ( b’alam) into their own names. The jaguar is also seen frequently in South American mythology.

In mythological tales, the jaguar is the creature who taught humans to harness the power of fire.
• Felis augustus (Leidy, 1872) • Felis listai (Roth, 1899) • Felis onca Linnaeus, 1758 • Felis onca subsp.

boliviensis Nelson & Goldman, 1933 • Felis onca subsp. coxi Nelson & Goldman, 1933 • Felis onca subsp. ucayalae Nelson & Goldman, 1933 • Felis veronis Hay, 1919 • Iemish listai (Roth, 1899) • Panthera augusta (Leidy, 1872) • Panthera onca subsp. augusta (Leidy, 1872) • Uncia augusta (Leidy, 1872) The jaguar ( Panthera onca) is a large cat species and the only living member of the genus Panthera native to the Americas.

With a body length of up to 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) and a weight of up to 96 kg (212 lb), it is the largest cat species in the Americas and the third largest in the world. Its distinctively marked coat features pale yellow to tan colored fur covered by spots that transition to rosettes on the sides, although a melanistic black coat appears in some individuals.

The jaguar's powerful bite allows it to pierce the carapaces of turtles and tortoises, and to employ an unusual killing method: it bites directly through the skull jaguar animal mammalian prey between the ears to deliver a fatal blow jaguar animal the brain. The modern jaguar's ancestors probably entered the Americas from Eurasia during the Early Pleistocene via the land bridge that once spanned the Bering Strait.

Today, the jaguar's jaguar animal extends from core Southwestern United States across Mexico and much of Jaguar animal America, the Amazon rainforest and south to Paraguay and northern Jaguar animal.

It inhabits a variety of forested and open terrains, but its preferred habitat is tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest, wetlands and wooded regions. It is adept at swimming and is largely a solitary, opportunistic, stalk-and-ambush apex predator. Jaguar animal a keystone species, it plays an important role in stabilizing ecosystems and in regulating prey populations. The jaguar is threatened by habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, poaching for trade with its body parts and killings in human–wildlife conflict situations, particularly with ranchers in Central and South America.

It has been listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List since 2002. The wild population is thought to have declined jaguar animal the late 1990s. Priority areas for jaguar conservation comprise 51 Jaguar Conservation Units (JCUs), defined as large areas inhabited by at least 50 breeding jaguars. The JCUs are located in 36 geographic regions ranging from Mexico to Argentina. The jaguar has featured prominently in the mythology of indigenous peoples of the Americas, including those of the Aztec and Maya civilizations.

Contents • 1 Etymology • 2 Taxonomy and evolution • 2.1 Taxonomy • 2.2 Jaguar animal • 3 Description • 3.1 Color variation • 4 Distribution and habitat • 5 Behavior and ecology • 5.1 Ecological role • 5.2 Hunting and diet • 5.3 Social activity • 5.4 Reproduction and life cycle • 5.5 Attacks on humans • 6 Threats • 7 Conservation • 7.1 Jaguar Conservation Units • 7.2 Approaches • 8 In culture and mythology • 9 See jaguar animal • 10 References • 11 External links Etymology The word "jaguar" is possibly derived jaguar animal the Tupi-Guarani word yaguara meaning 'wild beast that overcomes its prey at a bound'.

[3] [4] In North America, the word is pronounced disyllabic / ˈ dʒ æ ɡ w ɑːr/, while in British English, it is pronounced with three syllables / ˈ dʒ æ ɡ juː ər/. [5] [6] Indigenous peoples in Guyana call it jaguareté.

[7] jaguar animal is derived from the Portuguese name onça for a spotted cat in Brazil that is larger than a lynx. [8] The word "panther" is derived from classical Latin panthēra, itself from the ancient Greek πάνθηρ ( pánthēr). [9] Taxonomy and evolution Taxonomy In 1758, Carl Linnaeus described the jaguar in his work Systema Naturae and gave it the scientific name Felis onca.

[10] In the 19th and 20th centuries, several jaguar type specimens formed the basis for descriptions of subspecies. [2] In 1939, Reginald Innes Pocock recognized eight subspecies based on the geographic origins and skull morphology of these specimens. [11] Pocock did not have access to sufficient zoological specimens to critically evaluate their subspecific status but expressed doubt about the status of several.

Later consideration of his work suggested only three subspecies should be recognized. The description of P. o. palustris was based on a fossil skull. [4] By 2005, nine subspecies were considered to be valid taxa. [2] Formerly recognized subspecies • P. o. onca (Linnaeus, 1758) was a jaguar from Brazil. [10] • P. o. peruviana ( De Blainville, 1843) was jaguar animal jaguar skull from Peru. [12] • P. o. hernandesii ( Gray, 1857) was a jaguar from Mazatlán in Mexico.

[13] • P. o. palustris ( Ameghino, 1888) was a fossil jaguar mandible excavated in the Sierras Pampeanas of Córdova District, Argentina. [14] • P. o. centralis ( Mearns, 1901) was a skull of a male jaguar from Talamanca, Costa Rica. [15] • P. o. goldmani (Mearns, 1901) was a jaguar skin from Yohatlan in Campeche, Mexico. [15] • P. o. paraguensis ( Hollister, 1914) was a skull of a male jaguar from Paraguay. [16] • P. o. arizonensis ( Goldman, 1932) was a skin and skull of a male jaguar animal from the vicinity of Cibecue, Arizona.

jaguar animal • P. o. veraecrucis ( Nelson and Goldman, 1933) was a skull of a male jaguar from San Andrés Tuxtla in Mexico. [18] Reginald Innes Pocock placed the jaguar in the genus Panthera and observed that it shares several morphological features with the jaguar animal ( P. pardus).

He, therefore, concluded that they are most closely related to each other. [11] Results of morphological and genetic research indicate a clinal north–south variation between populations, but no evidence for subspecific differentiation.

[19] [20] DNA analysis of 84 jaguar samples from South America revealed that the gene flow between jaguar populations in Colombia was high in the past. [21] Since 2017, the jaguar is considered to be a monotypic taxon. [22] Evolution Fossil skull of P. o. augusta The Panthera lineage is estimated to have genetically diverged from the common ancestor jaguar animal the Felidae around 9.32 to 4.47 million years ago to 11.75 to 0.97 million years ago, [23] [24] [25] and the geographic origin of the genus is most likely jaguar animal Central Asia.

[26] Some genetic analyzes place the jaguar as a sister species to the lion with which it diverged 3.46 to 1.22 million years ago, [23] [24] but other studies place the lion closer to the leopard. [27] [28] The lineage of the jaguar appears to have originated in Africa and spread to Eurasia 1.95–1.77 mya.

The modern species may have descended from Panthera gombaszoegensis, which jaguar animal thought to have entered the American continent via Beringia, the land bridge that once spanned the Bering Strait. [29] [30] Fossils of modern jaguars have been found in North America dating to over 850,000 years ago.

[4] Results of mitochondrial DNA analysis of 37 jaguars indicate that current populations evolved jaguar animal 510,000 and 280,000 years ago in northern South America and subsequently recolonized North and Central America after the extinction of jaguars there during the Late Pleistocene.

[19] Two extinct subspecies of jaguar are recognized in the fossil record: the North American P. o. augusta and South American P. o. mesembrina. [31] A black jaguar. Such melanistic jaguars as well as leopards are commonly called black panthers The jaguar is a compact and well-muscled animal.

It is the largest cat native to the Americas and the third largest in the world, exceeded in size only by the tiger and the lion. [4] [32] [33] It stands 68 to 75 cm (26.8 to 29.5 in) tall at the shoulders. [34] Its size and weight vary considerably: weights are normally in the range of 56–96 kg (123–212 lb). Exceptionally big males have been recorded to weigh as much as 158 kg (348 lb). [35] [36] The smallest females weigh about 36 kg (79 lb). It is sexually dimorphic, with females typically being 10–20% smaller than males.

The length from the nose to jaguar animal base of the tail varies from 1.12 to 1.85 m (3 ft 8 in to 6 ft 1 in). The tail is 45 to 75 cm (18 to 30 in) long and the shortest of any big cat. [35] Its muscular legs are shorter than the legs of other Panthera species with similar body weight. [37] Further variations in size have been observed across regions and habitats, with size tending to increase from north to south.

Jaguars in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the Pacific coast of central Mexico weighed around 50 kg (110 lb), which is about the size of a female cougar ( Puma concolor). [38] Jaguars in Venezuela and Brazil are much larger, with average weights of about 95 kg (209 lb) in males and of about 56–78 kg (123–172 lb) in females.

[4] The jaguar's coat ranges from pale yellow to tan or reddish-yellow, with a whitish underside and covered in black spots. The spots and their shapes vary: on the sides, they become rosettes which may include one or several dots.

The spots on the head and neck are generally solid, as are those on the tail where they may merge to form bands near the end and create a black tip. They are elongated on the middle of the back, often connecting to create a median stripe, and blotchy on the belly. [4] These patterns serve as camouflage in areas with dense vegetation and patchy shadows. [39] Jaguars living in forests are often darker and considerably smaller than those living in open areas, possibly due to the smaller numbers of large, herbivorous prey in forest areas.

[40] The jaguar closely resembles the leopard but is generally more robust, with stockier limbs and a more square head. The rosettes on a jaguar's coat are larger, darker, fewer in number and have thicker lines, with a small spot in the middle. [37] It has powerful jaws with the third-highest bite force of all felids, after the tiger and the lion. [41] It has an average bite force at the canine tip of 887.0 Newton and a bite force quotient at the canine tip of 118.6.

[42] A 100 kg (220 lb) jaguar can bite with jaguar animal force of 4.939 kN (1,110 lbf) with the canine teeth and 6.922 kN (1,556 lbf) at the carnassial notch. [43] Color variation Jaguar animal jaguars are also known as black panthers. The black morph is less common than the spotted one. [44] Black jaguars have been documented in Central and South America.

Melanism in the jaguar is caused by deletions in the melanocortin 1 receptor gene and inherited through a dominant allele. [45] In 2004, a camera trap in the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains photographed the first documented black jaguar in Northern Mexico. [46] Black jaguars were also photographed in Costa Rica's Alberto Manuel Brenes Biological Reserve, in the mountains of the Cordillera de Talamanca, in Barbilla National Park and in eastern Panama. [47] [48] [49] [50] Distribution and habitat See also: North American jaguar and South American jaguar In the 19th century, the jaguar was still sighted at the North Platte River in Colorado and coastal Louisiana.

[51] In 1919, sightings of jaguars were reported in the Monterey, California region. [52] In 1999, its historic range at the turn of the 20th century was estimated at 19,000,000 km 2 (7,300,000 sq mi), stretching from the southern United States through Central America to southern Argentina.

By the turn of the 21st century, its global range had decreased to about 8,750,000 jaguar animal 2 (3,380,000 sq mi), with most declines in the southern United States, northern Mexico, northern Brazil, and southern Argentina. [53] Its present range extends from Mexico through Central America to South America comprising Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, particularly on the Osa Peninsula, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina.

It is considered to be locally extinct in El Salvador and Uruguay. [1] Jaguars have been occasionally sighted in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. [54] [55] Between 2012 and 2015, a male vagrant jaguar was recorded in 23 locations in the Santa Rita Mountains. [56] The jaguar prefers dense forest and typically inhabits dry deciduous forests, tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, rainforests and cloud forests in Central and South America; open, seasonally flooded wetlands, dry grassland and historically also oak forests in the United States.

It has been recorded at elevations up to 3,800 m (12,500 ft) but avoids montane forests. It favors riverine habitat and swamps with dense vegetation cover. [40] In the Mayan forests of Mexico and Guatemala, 11 GPS-collared jaguars preferred undisturbed dense habitat away from roads; females avoided even areas with low levels of human activity, whereas males appeared less disturbed by human population density.

[57] A young male jaguar was also recorded in the semi-arid Sierra de San Carlos at a waterhole. [58] Behavior and ecology The jaguar is mostly active at night and during twilight. [59] [60] [61] However, jaguars living in densely forested regions of the Amazon Rainforest and the Pantanal are largely active by day, whereas jaguars in the Atlantic Forest are primarily active by night. [62] The activity pattern of the jaguar coincides with the activity of its main prey species.

[63] Jaguars are good swimmers and play and hunt in the water, possibly more than tigers. They have been recorded moving between islands and jaguar animal shore. Jaguars are also good at climbing trees but jaguar animal so less often than cougars.

[4] Ecological role Jaguar at Three Brothers River, Pantanal, Brazil The jaguar animal jaguar is an apex predator, meaning it is at the top of the food chain and is not preyed upon in the wild. The jaguar has also been termed a keystone species, as it is assumed that it controls the population levels of jaguar animal such as herbivorous and seed-eating mammals and thus maintains the structural integrity of forest systems.

{INSERTKEYS} [38] [64] [65] However, field work has shown this may be natural variability, and the population increases may not be sustained.

Thus, the keystone predator hypothesis is not accepted by all scientists. [66] The jaguar is sympatric with the cougar ( Puma concolor).

In central Mexico, both prey on white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus), which makes up 54% and 66% of jaguar and cougar's prey, respectively. [38] In northern Mexico, the jaguar and the cougar share the same habitat, and their diet overlaps dependent on prey availability. Jaguars seemed to prefer deer and calves. In Mexico and Central America, neither of the two cats are considered to be the dominant predator.

[67] In South America, the jaguar is larger than the cougar and tends to take larger prey, usually over 22 kg (49 lb). The cougar's prey usually weighs between 2 and 22 kg (4 and 49 lb), which is thought to be the reason for its smaller size. [68] This situation may be advantageous to the cougar. Its broader prey niche, including its ability to take smaller prey, may give it an advantage over the jaguar in human-altered landscapes.

[38] Hunting and diet Illustration of a jaguar killing a tapir, the largest native land animal in its range The jaguar is an obligate carnivore and depends solely on flesh for its nutrient requirements. An analysis of 53 studies documenting the diet of the jaguar revealed that its prey ranges in weight from 1 to 130 kg (2.2 to 286.6 lb); it prefers prey weighing 45–85 kg (99–187 lb), with capybara ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and giant anteater ( Myrmecophaga tridactyla) being significantly preferred.

When available, it also preys on marsh deer ( Blastocerus dichotomus), southern tamandua ( Tamandua tetradactyla), collared peccary ( Dicotyles tajacu) and black agouti ( Dasyprocta fuliginosa). [32] In floodplains, jaguars opportunistically take reptiles such as turtles and caimans. Consumption of reptiles appears to be more frequent in jaguars than in other big cats.

[69] One remote population in the Brazilian Pantanal is recorded to primarily feed on aquatic reptiles and fish. [70] The jaguar also preys on livestock in cattle ranching areas where wild prey is scarce. [71] [72] The daily food requirement of a captive jaguar weighing 34 kg (75 lb) was estimated at 1.4 kg (3.1 lb) of meat.

[73] The jaguar's bite force allows it to pierce the carapaces of the yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle ( Podocnemis unifilis) and the yellow-footed tortoise ( Chelonoidis denticulatus). [73] [74] It employs an unusual killing method: it bites mammalian prey directly through the skull between the ears to deliver a fatal bite to the brain.

[75] It kills capybara by piercing its canine teeth through the temporal bones of its skull, breaking its zygomatic arch and mandible and penetrating its brain, often through the ears. [76] It has been hypothesized to be an adaptation to "cracking open" turtle shells; armored reptiles may have formed an abundant prey base for the jaguar following the late Pleistocene extinctions.

[73] However, this is disputed, as even in areas where jaguars prey on reptiles, they are taken relatively infrequently in comparison to their abundance, and mammals still dominate the cat's diet. [69] Between October 2001 and April 2004, 10 jaguars were monitored in the southern Pantanal. In the dry season from April to September, they killed prey at intervals ranging from one to seven days; and ranging from one to 16 days in the wet season from October to March.

[77] The jaguar uses a stalk-and-ambush strategy when hunting rather than chasing prey. The cat will slowly walk down forest paths, listening for and stalking prey before rushing or ambushing. The jaguar attacks from cover and usually from a target's blind spot with a quick pounce; the species' ambushing abilities are considered nearly peerless in the animal kingdom by both indigenous people and field researchers and are probably a product of its role as an apex predator in several different environments.

The ambush may include leaping into water after prey, as a jaguar is quite capable of carrying a large kill while swimming; its strength is such that carcasses as large as a heifer can be hauled up a tree to avoid flood levels. After killing prey, the jaguar will drag the carcass to a thicket or other secluded spot. It begins eating at the neck and chest. The heart and lungs are consumed, followed by the shoulders. [78] Social activity Female (left) and male jaguar (right) at São Lourenço River The jaguar is generally solitary except for females with cubs.

In 1977, groups consisting of a male, female and cubs, and two females with two males were sighted several times in a study area in the Paraguay River valley. A radio-collared female moved in a home range of 25–38 km 2 (9.7–14.7 sq mi), which partly overlapped with another female. The home range of the male in this study area overlapped with several females. [79] The jaguar uses scrape marks, urine, and feces to mark its territory. [80] [81] The size of home ranges depends on the level of deforestation and human population density.

The home ranges of females vary from 15.3 km 2 (5.9 sq mi) in the Pantanal to 53.6 km 2 (20.7 sq mi) in the Amazon to 233.5 km 2 (90.2 sq mi) in the Atlantic Forest. Male jaguar home ranges vary from 25 km 2 (9.7 sq mi) in the Pantanal to 180.3 km 2 (69.6 sq mi) in the Amazon to 591.4 km 2 (228.3 sq mi) in the Atlantic Forest and 807.4 km 2 (311.7 sq mi) in the Cerrado.

[82] Studies employing GPS telemetry in 2003 and 2004 found densities of only six to seven jaguars per 100 km 2 in the Pantanal region, compared with 10 to 11 using traditional methods; this suggests the widely used sampling methods may inflate the actual numbers of individuals in a sampling area.

[83] Fights between males occur but are rare, and avoidance behavior has been observed in the wild. [80] In one wetland population with broken down territorial boundaries and a high population density, adults of the same sex have been observed fishing, traveling and playing together.

[70] Jaguar making a content vocalization The jaguar roars or grunts for long-distance communication; [4] [73] intensive bouts of counter-calling between individuals have been observed in the wild.

[73] This vocalization is described as "hoarse" and contains five or six guttural notes. [4] Chuffing is produced by individuals when greeting, during courting, or by a mother comforting her cubs.

This sound is described as short, low intensity, non-threatening snorts, possibly intended to signal tranquility and passivity.

[84] [85] Cubs have been recorded bleating, gurgling and mewing. [4] Reproduction and life cycle Female jaguar picking up her cub In captivity, the female jaguar is recorded to reach sexual maturity at the age of about 2.5 years. Estrus lasts 7–15 days with an estrus cycle of 41.8 to 52.6 days. During estrus, she exhibits increased restlessness with rolling and prolonged vocalizations.

[86] She is an induced ovulator but can also ovulate spontaneously. [87] Gestation lasts 91 to 111 days. [88] The male is sexually mature at the age of three to four years. [89] His mean ejaculate volume is 8.6±1.3 ml. [90] Generation length of the jaguar is 9.8 years. [91] In the Pantanal, breeding pairs were observed to stay together for up to five days. Females had one to two cubs. [92] The young are born with closed eyes but open them after two weeks. Cubs are weaned at the age of three months but remain in the birth den for six months before leaving to accompany their mother on hunts.

[93] Jaguars remain with their mothers for up to two years. They appear to rarely live beyond 11 years, but captive individuals may live 22 years. [4] In 2001, a male jaguar killed and partially consumed two cubs in Emas National Park. DNA paternity testing of blood samples revealed that the male was the father of the cubs. [94] Two more cases of infanticide were documented in the northern Pantanal in 2013.

[95] Infanticide may be combated by the female hiding her cubs and distracting the male with courtship behavior. [96] Attacks on humans Further information: Man-eater The Spanish conquistadors feared the jaguar. According to Charles Darwin, the indigenous peoples of South America stated that people did not need to fear the jaguar as long as capybaras were abundant.

[97] The first official record of a jaguar killing a human in Brazil dates to June 2008. [98] Two children were attacked by jaguars in Guyana. [99] The jaguar is the least likely of all big cats to kill and eat humans, and the majority of attacks come when it has been cornered or wounded.

[100] Threats A South American jaguar killed by Theodore Roosevelt The jaguar is threatened by loss and fragmentation of habitat, illegal killing in retaliation for livestock depredation and for illegal trade in jaguar body parts. It is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List, as the jaguar population has probably declined by 20–25% since the mid-1990s. Deforestation is a major threat to the jaguar across its range. {/INSERTKEYS}

Habitat loss was most rapid in drier regions such as the Argentine pampas, the arid grasslands of Mexico and the southwestern United States. [1] In 2002, it was estimated that the range of the jaguar had declined to about 46% of its range in the early 20th century.

[53] In 2018, it was estimated that its range had declined by 55% in the last century. The only remaining stronghold is the Amazon rainforest, a region that is rapidly being fragmented by deforestation. [101] Between 2000 and 2012, forest loss in the jaguar range amounted to 83.759 km 2 (32.340 sq mi), with fragmentation increasing in particular in corridors between Jaguar Conservation Units (JCUs).

[102] By 2014, direct linkages between two JCUs in Bolivia were lost, and two JCUs in northern Argentina became completely isolated due to deforestation. [103] In Mexico, the jaguar is primarily threatened by poaching. Its habitat is fragmented in northern Mexico, in the Gulf of Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula, caused by changes in land use, construction of roads and tourism infrastructure. [104] In Panama, 220 of 230 jaguars were killed in retaliation for predation on livestock between 1998 and 2014.

[105] In Venezuela, the jaguar was extirpated in about 26% of its range in the country since 1940, mostly in dry savannas and unproductive scrubland in the northeastern region of Anzoátegui. [106] In Ecuador, the jaguar is threatened by reduced prey availability in areas where the expansion of the road network facilitated access of human hunters to forests. [107] In the Alto Paraná Atlantic forests, at least 117 jaguars were killed in Iguaçu National Park and the adjacent Misiones Province between 1995 and 2008.

[108] Some Afro-Colombians in the Colombian Chocó Department hunt jaguars for consumption and sale of meat. [109] Between 2008 and 2012, at least 15 jaguars were killed by livestock farmers in central Belize. [110] The international trade of jaguar skins boomed between the end of the Second World War and the early 1970s. [111] Significant declines occurred in the 1960s, as more than 15,000 jaguars were yearly killed for their skins in the Brazilian Amazon alone; jaguar animal trade in jaguar skins decreased since 1973 when the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species was enacted.

[112] Interview surveys with 533 people in the northwestern Bolivian Jaguar animal revealed that local people killed jaguars out of fear, in retaliation, and for trade. [113] Between August 2016 and August 2019, jaguar skins and body parts were seen for sale in tourist markets in the Peruvian cities of Lima, Iquitos and Pucallpa.

[114] Human-wildlife conflict, opportunistic hunting and hunting for trade in domestic markets are key drivers for killing jaguars in Belize and Guatemala.

[115] Seizure reports indicate that at least 857 jaguars were involved in trade between 2012 and 2018, including 482 individuals in Bolivia alone; 31 jaguars were seized in China. [116] Between 2014 and early 2019, 760 jaguar fangs were seized that originated in Bolivia and were destined for China.

Undercover investigations revealed that the smuggling of jaguar body parts is run by Chinese residents in Bolivia. [117] Conservation The jaguar is listed on CITES Appendix I, which means that all international commercial trade in jaguars or their body parts is prohibited. Hunting jaguars is prohibited in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, the United States, and Venezuela.

Hunting jaguars is restricted in Guatemala and Peru. [1] In Ecuador, hunting jaguars is prohibited, and it is classified as threatened with extinction. [118] In Guyana, it is protected as an endangered species, and hunting it is illegal. [119] El Jefe, a jaguar in Arizona In 1986, the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary was established in Belize as the world's first protected area for jaguar conservation.

[120] Jaguar Conservation Units In 1999, field scientists from 18 jaguar range countries determined the most important areas for long-term jaguar conservation based on the status of jaguar population units, stability of prey base and quality of habitat.

These areas, called "Jaguar Conservation Units" (JCUs), are large enough for at least 50 breeding individuals and range in size from 566 to 67,598 km 2 (219 to 26,100 sq mi); 51 JCUs were designated in 36 geographic regions including: [53] • the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra de Tamaulipas in Mexico • the Selva Maya tropical forests extending over Mexico, Belize and Guatemala • the Chocó–Darién moist forests from Honduras and Panama to Colombia • Venezuelan Llanos • northern Cerrado and Amazon basin in Brazil • Tropical Andes in Bolivia, Peru and Argentina • Misiones Province in Argentina Optimal routes of travel between core jaguar population units were identified across its range in 2010 to implement wildlife corridors that connect JCUs.

These corridors represent areas with the shortest distance between jaguar breeding populations, require the least possible energy input of dispersing individuals and pose a low mortality risk. These corridors cover an area of 2,600,000 km 2 (1,000,000 sq mi) and range in length from 3 to 1,102 km (1.9 to 684.8 mi) in Mexico and Central America and from 489.14 to 1,607 km (303.94 to 998.54 mi) in South America.

[121] Cooperation with local landowners and municipal, state, or federal agencies is essential to maintain connected populations and prevent fragmentation in both JCUs and corridors. [122] Seven of 13 corridors in Mexico are functioning with a width of at least 14.25 km (8.85 mi) and a length of no more than 320 km (200 mi). The other corridors may hamper passage, as they are narrower and longer.

[123] In August 2012, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service set aside 3,392.20 km 2 (838,232 acres) in Arizona and New Mexico for the protection of the jaguar. [124] The Jaguar Recovery Plan was published in April 2019, in which Interstate 10 is considered to form the northern boundary of the Jaguar Recovery Unit in Arizona and New Mexico. [125] In Mexico, a national conservation strategy was developed from 2005 on and published in 2016.

[104] The Mexican jaguar population increased from an estimated 4,000 individuals in 2010 to about 4,800 individuals in 2018. This increase is seen as a positive effect of conservation measures that were implemented in cooperation with governmental and non-governmental institutions and landowners. [126] An evaluation of JCUs from Mexico to Argentina revealed that they overlap with high-quality habitats of about 1,500 mammals to varying degrees. Since co-occurring mammals benefit from the JCU approach, the jaguar has been called an umbrella species.

[127] Central American JCUs overlap with the habitat of 187 of 304 regional endemic amphibian and reptile species, of which 19 amphibians occur only in the jaguar range. [128] Approaches A jaguar in Belize In setting up protected reserves, efforts generally also have to be focused on the surrounding jaguar animal, as jaguars are unlikely to confine themselves to the bounds of a reservation, especially if the population is increasing in size. Human attitudes in the areas surrounding reserves and laws and regulations to prevent poaching are essential to make conservation areas effective.

[129] To estimate population sizes within specific areas and to keep track of individual jaguars, camera trapping and wildlife tracking telemetry are widely used, and feces are sought out with the help of detection dogs to study jaguar health and diet. [83] [130] Current conservation efforts often focus on educating ranch owners and promoting ecotourism.

[131] Ecotourism setups are being used to generate public interest in charismatic animals such as the jaguar while at the same time generating revenue that can be used in conservation efforts. A key concern in jaguar ecotourism is the considerable habitat space the species requires.

If ecotourism is used to aid in jaguar conservation, some considerations need to be made as to how existing ecosystems will be kept intact, jaguar animal how new ecosystems will be put into place that are large enough to support a growing jaguar population.

[132] In culture and mythology Further information: Jaguars in Mesoamerican cultures In the pre-Columbian Americas, the jaguar was a symbol of power and strength. In the Andes, a jaguar cult disseminated by the early Chavín culture became accepted over most of today's Peru by 900 BC. [133] The later Moche culture in northern Peru used the jaguar as a symbol of power in many of their ceramics.

[134] In the Muisca religion in Altiplano Cundiboyacense, the jaguar was considered a sacred animal, and people dressed in jaguar skins during religious rituals. [135] The skins were traded with peoples in the nearby Orinoquía Region.

[136] The name of the Muisca ruler Nemequene was derived from the Chibcha words nymy and quyne, meaning "force of the jaguar". [137] [138] Sculptures with " Olmec jaguar animal motifs were found on the Yucatán Peninsula in Veracruz and Tabasco; they show stylized jaguars with jaguar animal faces.

[139] In the later Maya civilization, the jaguar was believed to facilitate communication between the living and the dead and to protect the royal household. The Maya saw these powerful felines as their companions in the spiritual world, and several Maya rulers bore names that incorporated the Mayan word for jaguar b'alam in many of the Mayan languages. Balam remains a common Jaguar animal surname, and it is also the name of Chilam Balam, a legendary author to whom are attributed 17th and 18th-centuries Maya miscellanies preserving much important knowledge.

Jaguar animal of jaguar bones were discovered in a burial site in Guatemala, which indicates that Mayans may have kept jaguars as pets. [140] The Aztec civilization shared this image of the jaguar as the representative of the ruler and jaguar animal a warrior.

The Aztecs formed an elite warrior class known as the Jaguar warrior. In Aztec mythology, the jaguar was considered to be the totem animal of the powerful deity Tezcatlipoca. [141] [142] A conch shell gorget jaguar animal a jaguar was found in a burial mound in Benton County, Missouri.

The gorget shows evenly-engraved lines and measures 104 mm × 98 mm (4.1 in × 3.9 in). [51] Rock drawings made by the Hopi, Anasazi and Pueblo all over the desert and chaparral regions of the American Southwest show an explicitly spotted cat, presumably a jaguar, as it is drawn much larger than an ocelot. [55] The jaguar is also used as a symbol in contemporary culture. It is the national animal of Guyana and is featured in its coat of arms.

[143] The flag of the Department of Amazonas features a black jaguar silhouette leaping towards a hunter. [144] The crest of the Argentine Rugby Union features a jaguar. [145] See also • List of largest cats • ^ a b c d e Quigley, H.; Foster, R.; Petracca, L.; Payan, E.; Salom, R.

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• "Jaguar Panthera onca". IUCN Cat Specialist Group. • "Jaguars: Born free". BBC Natural World. 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2021. • People and Jaguars a Guide for Coexistence • Felidae Conservation Fund • "Jaguar". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920. • Small Indian mongoose ( U. auropunctata) • Short-tailed mongoose ( U.

brachyura) • Indian grey mongoose ( U. edwardsii) • Indian brown mongoose ( U. fusca) • Javan mongoose ( U. javanica) • Collared mongoose ( U. semitorquata) • Ruddy mongoose ( U. smithii) • Crab-eating mongoose ( U. urva) • Stripe-necked mongoose ( U.

vitticolla) Xenogale • Pantanal cat ( L. braccatus) • Pampas cat ( L. colocola) • Eastern oncilla ( L. emiliae) • Northern colocolo ( L.

garleppi) • Geoffroy's cat ( L. geoffroyi) • Kodkod ( L. guigna) • Southern tiger cat ( L. guttulus) • Andean mountain cat ( L. jacobita) • Muñoa's colocolo ( L. munoai) • Southern colocolo ( L. pajeros) • Ocelot ( L. pardalis) • Oncilla ( L. tigrinus) • Margay ( L. wiedii) Leptailurus • Abyssinian genet ( G.

abyssinica) • Angolan genet ( G. angolensis) • Bourlon's genet ( G. bourloni) • Crested servaline genet ( G. cristata) • Common genet ( G. genetta) • Johnston's genet ( G. johnstoni) • Letaba genet ( G. letabae) • Rusty-spotted genet ( G. maculata) • Pardine genet ( G. pardina) • Aquatic genet ( G. piscivora) • King genet ( G. poensis) • Servaline genet ( G. servalina) • Hausa genet ( G. thierryi) • Cape genet ( G. tigrina) • Giant forest genet ( G. victoriae) Poiana • South American fur seal ( A.

australis) • Australasian fur seal ( A. forsteri) • Galápagos fur seal ( A. galapagoensis) • Antarctic fur seal ( A. gazella) • Juan Fernández fur seal ( A.

philippii) • Brown fur seal ( A. pusillus) • Guadalupe fur seal ( A. townsendi) • Subantarctic fur seal ( A. tropicalis) Callorhinus • Bengal fox ( V. bengalensis) • Blanford's fox ( V. cana) • Cape fox ( V. chama) • Corsac fox ( V. corsac) • Tibetan fox ( V. ferrilata) • Arctic fox ( V. lagopus) • Kit fox ( V. macrotis) • Pale fox ( V. pallida) • Rüppell's fox ( V. rueppelli) • Swift fox ( V.

velox) • Red fox ( V. vulpes) • Fennec fox ( V. zerda) • Mountain weasel ( M. altaica) • Stoat/Beringian ermine ( Jaguar animal. erminea) • Steppe polecat ( M. eversmannii) • Ferret jaguar animal M. furo) • Haida ermine ( M. haidarum) • Japanese weasel ( M. itatsi) • Yellow-bellied weasel ( M. kathiah) • European mink ( M. lutreola) • Indonesian mountain weasel ( M. lutreolina) • Black-footed ferret ( M. nigripes) • Least weasel ( M. nivalis) • Malayan weasel ( M.

nudipes) • European polecat ( M. putorius) • American ermine ( M. richardsonii) • Siberian weasel ( M. sibirica) • Back-striped weasel ( M. strigidorsa) Neogale • Wikidata: Q35694 • Wikispecies: Panthera onca • ADW: Panthera_onca • ARKive: panthera-onca • BioLib: 2015 • BOLD: 263143 • ECOS: 3944 • EoL: 328606 • EPPO: PNTHON • Fossilworks: 49735 • GBIF: 5219426 • iNaturalist: 41970 • IRMNG: 10201333 • ITIS: 180593 • IUCN: 15953 • MSW: 14000240 • NCBI: 9690 • Species+: 6385 • TSA: 12800 Hidden categories: • CS1 uses Greek-language script (el) • CS1 Latin-language sources jaguar animal • CS1 French-language sources (fr) • CS1 Spanish-language sources (es) • CS1: long volume value • Articles with short description • Short description is different from Wikidata jaguar animal Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages • Featured articles • Use American English from November 2021 • All Wikipedia articles written in Jaguar animal English • Use dmy dates from November 2021 • Articles with 'species' microformats • Articles containing undetermined-language text • Articles containing Guyanese Creole English-language text • Articles containing Portuguese-language text • Articles containing Latin-language text • Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text • Commons category link is on Wikidata • Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference • Articles with hAudio microformats • Spoken articles • Articles with GND identifiers • Articles with J9U identifiers • Articles with LCCN identifiers • Articles with NDL identifiers • Afrikaans • አማርኛ • Ænglisc • العربية • Aragonés • Asturianu • Avañe'ẽ • Aymar aru • Azərbaycanca • تۆرکجه • Basa Bali • বাংলা • Bân-lâm-gú jaguar animal Беларуская • Беларуская (тарашкевіца) • Български • Bosanski • Brezhoneg • Català • Чӑвашла • Cebuano • Čeština • Corsu • Dansk • Deutsch • Diné bizaad • Eesti • Ελληνικά • Español • Esperanto • Euskara • فارسی • Føroyskt • Français • Gaeilge • Gàidhlig • Galego • 한국어 • Հայերեն • हिन्दी • Hrvatski • Ido • Bahasa Indonesia • Interlingua • Íslenska • Italiano • עברית • Jawa • ಕನ್ನಡ • ქართული • Қазақша • Kernowek • Kiswahili • Kotava • Kurdî • ລາວ • Latgaļu • Latina • Latviešu • Lëtzebuergesch • Lietuvių • Limburgs • Magyar • Македонски • മലയാളം • मराठी • მარგალური • مصرى • Bahasa Melayu • Монгол • မြန်မာဘာသာ • Nāhuatl • Nederlands • Nedersaksies • 日本語 • Nordfriisk • Norsk bokmål • Norsk nynorsk • Occitan • Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча • ਪੰਜਾਬੀ • پنجابی • Polski • Português • Română • Runa Simi • Русский • Scots • Shqip • Simple English • Slovenčina • Slovenščina • Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ • Ślůnski • کوردی • Српски / srpski • Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски • Sunda • Suomi • Svenska • Tagalog • தமிழ் • Taqbaylit • Татарча/tatarça • తెలుగు • ไทย • ᏣᎳᎩ • Türkçe • Українська • اردو • Tiếng Việt • Winaray • 吴语 • ייִדיש • 粵語 • Zazaki • 中文 Jaguar animal links • This page was last edited on 21 April 2022, at 23:28 (UTC).

• Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0 ; additional terms may apply. By jaguar animal this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. • Privacy policy • About Wikipedia • Disclaimers • Contact Wikipedia • Mobile view • Developers • Statistics • Cookie statement • • Image Source The Jaguar (Panthera onca), is a New World mammal of the ‘Felidae family’.

It is one of four ‘big cats’ in the ‘Panthera’ genus, along with the tiger, lion and leopard of the Old World. The jaguar is the third largest feline after the tiger and the lion. The jaguar is the largest and most powerful feline in the Western Hemisphere. The Jaguars present range extends from Mexico (with occasional sightings in the southwestern United States) across much of Central America and south to Paraguay and northern Argentina. Jaguar Characteristics The Jaguar is a compact and well-muscled animal.

Rainforest jaguars are generally darker and considerably smaller than those found in open areas, possibly due to the fewer large herbivorous prey in forest areas. Jaguars grow to be about 1.62 – 1.83 metres (5.3 – 6 feet) in length and stand about 67 – 76 centimetres (27 – 30 inches) tall at the shoulders.

Their tail is 2 – 3 feet (0.6 – 0.9 metres) long. Jaguars weigh around 36 kilograms (80 pounds). Larger jaguars have been recorded as weighing 131 – 151 kilograms (288 – 333 pounds).

The base coat of the jaguar is generally a tawny yellow in color, but can range to reddish-brown and black. The jaguar is covered in ‘rosettes’ for camouflage in its jungle habitat. The spots vary over individual coats and between individual Jaguars. The ‘rosettes’ may include one or several dots and the shape of the dots varies. The spots on the head and neck are generally solid, as are those on the tail, where they may merge to form a band.

The underbelly, throat and outer surface of the legs and lower flanks are white. Rare albino individuals, sometimes called ‘white panthers’, occur among jaguars, as with the other big cats. The jaguar physically most closely resembles the leopard, although the jaguar is of sturdier build and its behavioural and habitat characteristics are closer to those of the tiger.

Jaguars are the second strongest of all mammals. The jaguar has a short, stocky limb structure which makes it well adaptable to climbing, crawling and swimming. Their heads are robust and their jaw is extremely powerful. Jaguar Diet Jaguars are carnivores (meat-eaters). Jaguars will eat a variety of animals including birds, eggs and mammals including capybaras, peccaries, tapirs, turtles and alligators.

Jaguars often bury their prey after killing it, so that they can eat it later. The jaguar is often described as nocturnal, but is more specifically crepuscular (peak activity around dawn and dusk).

The jaguar is a largely solitary, stalk-and-ambush predator and is opportunistic in prey selection. It is also an apex predator (predators that, as adults, jaguar animal not normally preyed upon in the wild in significant parts of their range by creatures not of their own species) and a keystone predator, playing an important role in stabilizing ecosystems and regulating the populations of prey species. The jaguar has developed an exceptionally powerful bite, even compared to the other big cats.

This allows it to pierce the shells of armoured reptiles and to employ an unusual killing method. The jaguar bites directly through the skull of prey between the ears to deliver a fatal blow to the brain.

It has been reported that an individual jaguar can drag a 360 kilograms (800 pounds) bull 8 metres (25 feet) long in its jaws and crush the heaviest bones. The jaguar hunts wild animals weighing up to 300 kilograms (660 pounds) in dense jungle and its short and sturdy physique is therefore an adaptation to its prey and environment. Jaguar Habitat Jaguars are large, wild, graceful cats that live in rainforests, swamps, deserts and shrubby areas.

These solitary felines often have dens in caves. It is strongly associated with the presence of water and is, along with the tiger, a very good swimmer. Jaguar Behaviour Jaguars are territorial. Like most cats, the jaguar is solitary outside mother-cub groups. Adults generally meet only to court and mate and carve out large territories for themselves.

Female territories, from 25 to 40 square kilometres in size, may overlap, but the animals generally avoid one another. Male ranges cover roughly twice as much area, varying in size with the availability of game and space and do not overlap. Scrape marks, urine and faeces are used to mark territory. Like the other big cats, the jaguar is capable of roaring (the male more powerfully) and does so to warn territorial and mating competitors away.

Intensive bouts of counter-calling between individuals have been observed in the wild. Their roar often resembles a repetitive cough and they may also vocalize mews and grunts. Mating fights between males occur, but are rare.

Conflict is typically over territory. A males range may include that of two or three females however he will not tolerate intrusions by other adult males. Jaguar Reproduction Female jaguars reach sexual maturity at about 2 years of age and males at 3 or 4 years of age. The jaguar is believed to mate throughout the year in the wild, although births may increase when prey is plentiful. Female Jaguars estrous is 6 – 17 days out of a full 37 day cycle and females will advertise fertility with urinary scent marks and increased vocalization.

Both male and female jaguars will range more widely jaguar animal usual during courtship. Mating pairs separate after mating and females provide all the parental care. The gestation period lasts 93 – 105 days. Female Jaguars give birth to up to 4 cubs but most commonly to only 2 cubs. The mother will not tolerate the presence of males after the birth of cubs, given a risk of infant cannibalism. This behaviour is also found in the tiger.

The young are born jaguar animal, gaining sight after 2 weeks. Cubs are weaned at 3 months but remain in the birth den for 6 months before leaving to accompany their mother on hunts. They will continue in their mothers company for one to two years before leaving to establish a territory for themselves.

Young males are at first leave, jostling with the older jaguars until they succeed in claiming a territory. Typical life span of the jaguar in the wild is estimated at around 12 – 15 years. In captivity, the jaguar lives up to 23 years, placing it among the longest living cats. Jaguar Conservation Status Jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man and its numbers are declining.

All hunting of jaguars is prohibited in Argentina, Belize, Colombia, French Guiana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Suriname, the United States (where it is listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act), Uruguay jaguar animal Venezuela.

Hunting of jaguars is restricted to ‘problem animals’ in Brazil, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru, while trophy hunting is still permitted in Bolivia. The species has no legal protection in Ecuador or Guyana. Current conservation efforts often focus on educating ranch owners and promoting ecotourism (a form of tourism that appeals to the ecologically and socially conscious individuals).

The jaguar is generally defined as an ‘umbrella species’ a species whose home range and habitat requirements are sufficiently broad that, if protected, numerous other species of smaller range will also be protected. Umbrella species serve as ‘mobile links’ at the landscape scale, in the jaguars case through predation. Conservation organizations may therefore focus on providing viable, connected habitat for the jaguar, with the knowledge that other species will also benefit.

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The jaguar is the Americas largest cat. It has a compact body, a wide head and powerful jaws. The coat is usually yellow and tan, but colors can range from black to reddish brown. The spots on its coat are more defined and black on its head and neck, becoming larger rosette-shaped patterns on the sides and back.

Nearctic, Neotropical Jaguars are widely distributed, inhabiting New Mexico and southern Arizona south toward northeastern Brazil and northern Argentina. Populations have been drastically reduced or in some areas and even eliminated, including the United States, El Salvador, and large parts of Mexico.

Jaguars like thick, moist tropical lowland forests with plenty of cover, but can be found in reed thickets, scrubland, coastal forests, thickets and swamps. They are superb swimmers and are usually found living near water: rivers, slow moving streams, watercourses, lagoons, and swamps.

Habits and Lifestyle The jaguar is a solitary creature aside from during the first couple of years, spent with their mother. Jaguar males are very territorial, with their home range overlapping that of several females, but being prepared to defend it fiercely from other males.

They are dependent on water, particularly during the dry season, seeking relief from the heat. They are very good swimmers and are very fast when moving through the water, especially when pursuing their prey. Near dusk and dawn jaguars are most active, tending to rest during the mid-morning and afternoon. Jaguar animal resting they lie under thick vegetation in deep shade or under large rocks or in caves.

Diet and Nutrition The jaguar's diet mostly consists of medium sized mammals, such as deer, capybara, tapirs and peccaries, which they silently stalk through the thick jungle. In jaguar animal, jaguars hunt fish, turtles, and even small caiman. The jaguar is an aggressive and formidable hunter and is believed to eat over 80 different animal species. Jaguars are polygamous. Mating usually increases during December through March. Females are sexually mature between 12 and 24 months, males at 24 to 36 months.

Throughout the mating season, females will call loudly to attract males into their territory. Females generally give birth to between 2 to 3 cubs, following a 91 -111-day gestation period.

Once the cubs are born, females will not tolerate a male in her territory, being very protective of the cubs. Cubs are weaned at 5 to 6 months old, when they start to hunt alongside their mother. Young are dependent until almost 2 years of age. Population Population threats Once living throughout South America, jaguars have been hunted mainly for their fur, teeth and paws. Despite legal protection fewer people hunting them for their fur, jaguars are now at risk due to loss of habitat mainly because of deforestation, so they are being pushed into the more remote parts of their native range.

Population number According to the World Wildlife Fund, jaguars number only 15,000 in the wild. The IUCN Red List classifies them as Near Threatened (NT) with decreasing population trend. Ecological niche Jaguars are top predators and a keystone species due to their impact on populations of other animals who share the same ecosystem. Fun Facts for Kids • The word "jaguar" comes from a Native American word "yajuar”, meaning "he who kills with one leap".

• Jaguars have eyesight that is six times better than that of humans at night and in darker conditions thanks to a layer of tissue at the back of their eyes that reflects light. • Jaguars that are black with spots are sometimes called panthers. They are actually jaguars. • Jaguars wave their tails above water to attract fish. • The jaguar can dive into water to catch prey.

• Jaguars living in forests are smaller and darker and smaller than those in open areas. • Unlike other felines, the jaguar, when eating prey, starts jaguar animal the jaguar animal and chest.
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• 100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians. • Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of jaguar animal.

Go ahead. Ask. We won’t mind. • Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century. Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! • SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race jaguar animal the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space! See all related content → jaguar, ( Panthera onca), also called el tigre or tigre americano, largest New World member of the cat family (Felidae), found from northern Mexico southward to northern Argentina.

Its preferred habitats are usually swamps and wooded regions, but jaguars also live in scrublands and deserts. The jaguar is virtually extinct in the northern part of its original range and survives in reduced numbers only in remote areas of Central and South America; the largest known population exists in the Amazon rainforest.

Typical coloration is orange to tan, with black spots arranged in rosettes with a black spot in the centre. The jaguar resembles the leopard of Africa and Asia, but the leopard lacks the black centre spot. Along the midline of the jaguar’s back is a row of long black spots that may merge into a stripe. The base colour of the jaguar varies greatly from white to black. Although brown and black jaguars appear to be solid-coloured, spots are always faintly visible.

Where can you find a capybara? How many cervical vertebrae do giraffes have? Test your knowledge of mammals by taking this quiz. Jaguars are also larger and more heavily built than leopards. The male jaguar, which is generally larger than the female, attains a length of 1.7–2.7 metres (5.6–9 feet), including the 0.6–0.9-metre (2–3-foot) tail, with a shoulder height of 0.7–0.8 metre (2.3–2.6 feet); it weighs from 100 to 160 kg (220 to 350 pounds).

South American jaguars are larger than jaguar animal of Central America. The jaguar is grouped along with lions and tigers with the big, or roaring, cats and is the only such cat in the Western Hemisphere.

Its sound repertoire includes snarls, growls, and deep hoarse grunts. A solitary predator, the jaguar is a stalk-and-ambush hunter; its name comes from yaguar, the Tupí-Guaraní word meaning “he who kills with one leap.” Jaguars are swift and agile and are very good climbers.

They enter water freely and appear to enjoy bathing. Although active during the day, jaguars hunt mainly at night and on the ground. Capybara and peccary are their preferred prey, but they will also take deer, birds, crocodilians, and fish. Livestock are occasionally attacked in areas where ranches have replaced natural habitat. The cat is a savage fighter when cornered but does not normally attack humans. Jaguars adhere to a land tenure system much like cougars and tigers.

Females establish overlapping home ranges, and female offspring may inherit land from their mothers. Males establish territories twice as large as females and overlap the ranges of several females. Jaguar animal sexes mark their ranges with urine.

Northern populations mate toward the end of the year, but in the tropics mating activity seems not to be restricted to a particular breeding season. After a gestation period of about 100 days, the female bears one to four tiny spotted cubs weighing 100–900 grams (less than 2 pounds) that do not open their eyes for 13 days. The mother raises the young for approximately two years. Full size and sexual jaguar animal are reached at three to four years.

The geographic range of the jaguar once extended from the U.S.-Mexico border as far north as the Grand Canyon southward to Patagonia, Argentina. Habitat loss and fragmentation, trophy hunting, the illegal trade in body parts, and retaliatory killings stemming jaguar animal the loss of livestock have reduced the jaguar’s geographic range and its population.

Wildlife officials estimate that 64,000 jaguars remain, with some 89 percent of the global population living in the Amazon River basin. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources has classified the jaguar as a near threatened species since 2002. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by Adam Augustyn.Current Population Trend: Decreasing What is the jaguar? Jaguars are the only big cat in the Americas and the third biggest in the world after tigers and lions.

They look a lot like leopards, which live in Africa and Asia, but jaguars’ spots are more complex and often have a dot in the center. These powerful cats were worshipped as gods in many ancient South American cultures, and representations of the jaguar show up in the art and archaeology of pre-Columbian cultures across the jaguar’s range. Diet and behavior Unlike many other cats, jaguars do not avoid water. In fact, they are quite good swimmers. They hunt fish, turtles, and even caimans, using their incredibly powerful jaws to pierce the animals’ skulls.

Jaguars also eat deer, peccaries, capybaras, tapirs, and a number of other land animals, which they prefer to ambush at night. Jaguars live alone, and they’re territorial—they define their area by marking with their waste or clawing trees.

Females have litters of one to four cubs, which are blind and helpless at birth. The mother stays with them and defends them fiercely from any animal that may approach—even their own father. Young jaguars learn to hunt by living with their mothers for two years or more. Range and habitat Jaguar animal once roamed broadly from central Argentina all the way up jaguar animal the southwestern United States.

Since the 1880s, they’ve lost more than half their territory. Their main stronghold today is jaguar animal Amazon Basin, though they still exist in smaller numbers through Central America as well. They’re typically found in tropical rainforests but also live in savannas and jaguar animal. Threats to survival Jaguars face a number of threats, including habitat fragmentation and illegal killing.

South and Central America’s high rates of deforestation— for grazing land, agriculture, and other uses—have not only destroyed jaguars’ habitat but also broken it up. Fragmented forests mean that cats get boxed into patches of forest and can’t travel far to find new mates. That kind of isolation can lead to inbreeding and local extinctions.

Another threat jaguars face is retaliatory killings from ranchers. As grazing land replaces forests, jaguars are more likely to hunt cattle. In response—and sometimes in anticipation—cattle owners kill jaguars. Poaching is another growing problem for jaguars. They’ve long been hunted for their pelts, and now there’s a growing illegal, international trade in jaguar teeth and jaguar bone products going to China.

Conservation Jaguars are classified as near-threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. The species has national protections in almost every country it’s found, and trade in its parts is banned by CITES, a global treaty that regulates the cross-border wildlife trade. Still, poaching and the illegal trade continues so strengthening law enforcement is important.

There are major efforts to support and develop jaguar corridors to connect isolated populations as well as to work with jaguar animal to reduce human-jaguar conflict. Workshops help ranchers learn better husbandry practices, and a growing number of programs compensate ranchers when they lose cattle to jaguars, so that they’re less motivated to kill the cat in retaliation. Fighting deforestation, which a number of international NGOs and indigenous groups are involved in, jaguar animal critical.
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Now, they’ve been virtually eliminated from half of their historic range. There are around 173,000 jaguars left in the world today, and most of these big cats are found in the Amazon rainforest and the Pantanal, the largest tropical wetland. Their stronghold is in Brazil – it may hold around half of the estimated wild numbers.

The jaguar is the third biggest cat in the world - after the tiger and the lion - and is the largest cat in the Americas. They can grow jaguar animal to 170cm long, not including their impressive tails which can be up to 80cm.

Male jaguars can weigh 120kg (that’s almost 19 stone), while female jaguars can weigh much less, up to 100kg.

But their sizes can vary a lot between regions - jaguars in central America can be roughly half the size of jaguars in the Pantanal. They need that bulk behind them to take on big prey, including giant caiman. To the untrained eye, jaguars can be mistaken for leopards as they look similar, but you can tell the difference from their rosettes (circular markings): Jaguars have black dots in the middle of some of their rosettes, whereas leopards don’t.

Jaguars also have larger, rounded heads and short legs. Jaguars can be “melanistic", where they appear almost as if they are black jaguars. However, this is a commonly misidentified term as melanistic jaguars (and leopards) are known as “black panthers”. Both males and females roar, which helps bring them together when they want to mate.

A jaguar's usual call is called a 'saw' because it sounds like the sawing of wood jaguar animal but with the saw only moving in one direction. When jaguars greet each other, or reassure one another, they make a noise like a nasally snuffling. Jaguars are opportunistic hunters and can prey upon almost anything they come across. Capybaras, deer, tortoises, iguanas, armadillos, fish, birds and monkeys are just some of the prey that jaguars eat.

They can even tackle South America’s largest animal, the tapir, and huge predators like caiman. Jaguars are nocturnal as well as diurnal big cats, as they hunt both in the day and at night and usually travel up to 10km (over 6 miles) a night when hunting. Jaguars have a more powerful bite than any other big cat. Their teeth are strong enough to bite through the thick hides of crocodilians and the hard shells of turtles.

They need powerful teeth and jaws to take down prey three to four times their own weight - usually killing it with a bite to the back of the skull rather than biting the neck or throat like other big cats. Like other cats, their tongues have sharp-pointed bumps, called papillae, which are used to scrape meat off bones. When breeding, a pair of jaguars may mate up to 100 times a day. That’s exhausting. Pregnancy lasts around 14 weeks, then the female usually gives birth to two jaguar cubs (though she can have up to four).

Jaguar cubs weigh about the same as a loaf of bread when they’re born, but they soon grow. At two years old, males can jaguar animal 50% heavier than their female siblings. Deforestation rates are high in South America, both for logging and to clear space for cattle ranching. This results in many new threats to jaguars, from the loss of their home to isolating their populations, making breeding harder. Less habitat also means jaguars’ prey is reduced - over a quarter of their range is thought to have depleted numbers of wild prey.

This leads them to hunt livestock and be killed by people. They’re also vulnerable to poaching, despite this being illegal. Though demand for their skins has declined since the mid-1970s, jaguar paws, teeth and other parts are still sought after, mostly from China for traditional medicine and ornaments. WWF's work We've worked in the Amazon for over 40 years - creating and managing protected areas of habitat, working with local communities to monitor jaguars, working with cattle ranchers to improve existing ranches and prevent new ones, and promoting sustainable development that has minimal impact on vital jaguar habitat.

We’re also working with partners to help prevent the demand, poaching and trafficking of jaguars and other species. Join the fight We also recommend: 5 ways to help the Amazon Rainforest Amazon Rainforest Jaguar
Check out these magnificent cats in our 10 fab jaguar facts!

Jaguar facts 1. Jaguars are the largest of South America’s jaguar animal cats and the third largest cats in the world. 2. At one time jaguars roamed all the way to the US-Mexico border, but jaguars are now only occasionally sighted in Texas and Arizona. Most jaguars are found in the Amazon river basin. Love animals? You’d love our magazine! Ask your parents to check out Nat Geo Kids magazine!

(AD) 3. The name jaguar comes from the Native American word yaguar, which means ‘he who kills with one leap’. 4. Their fur is usually tan or orange with black spots, called “rosettes” because they are shaped like roses. 5. Jaguars live alone and mark their territory with their waste or by clawing trees. 6. Jaguar animal jaguar’s scientific name is Panthera onca.

7. Jaguars are mammals. They are carnivores and jaguar animal a diet rich in meat and fish. 8. They can live to be 12 to 15 years old in the wild. 9. Adult jaguars weigh between 45 to 113 kilograms. 10. From the tip of his nose to the tip of his tail, a jaguar can jaguar animal 240cm long.

Images: Jaguar closeup, Mikelane45 (Dreamstime). Jaguar on branch, Tom Brakefield. Love our jaguar facts feature? Let us know by leaving a comment, below!