Ester 9 15 19

Destruction of the Enemies of the Jews 9 Now in the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, on the ester 9 15 19 day, when the king’s command and edict were about to be executed, on the very day when the enemies of the Jews hoped to gain power over them but that had been changed to a day when the Jews would gain power over their foes, ( A) 2 the Jews gathered in their cities throughout all the provinces of King Ahasuerus to kill [ a] those who had sought their ruin, and no one could withstand them, because the fear of them had fallen upon all peoples.

( B) 3 All the officials of the provinces, the satraps and the governors, and the royal officials were supporting the Jews because the fear of Mordecai had fallen upon them. ( C) 4 For Mordecai was powerful in the king’s palace, and his fame spread throughout all the provinces, because the man Mordecai was growing more and more powerful.

( D) 5 So the Jews struck down all their enemies with the sword, slaughtering and destroying them, and did as they pleased to those who hated them.

6 In the citadel of Susa the Jews killed and destroyed five hundred people. 7 They killed Ester 9 15 19, Dalphon, Aspatha, 8 Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha, 9 Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai, and Vaizatha, 10 the ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, but they did not touch the plunder.

( E) 11 That very day the number of those killed in the citadel of Susa was reported to the king. 12 The king said to Queen Esther, “In the citadel of Susa the Jews have killed and destroyed five hundred people and the ten sons of Haman. What have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces? Now what is your petition? It shall be granted you. And what further is your request? It shall be fulfilled.” ( F) 13 Esther said, “If it pleases the king, let the Jews who are in Susa be allowed tomorrow also to do ester 9 15 19 to this day’s edict, and let the ten sons of Haman be hung on the pole.” ( G) 14 So the king commanded this to be done; a decree was issued in Susa, and the ten sons of Haman were hung.

15 The Jews who were in Susa gathered also on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, and they killed three hundred persons in Susa, but they did not touch the plunder. ( H) 16 Now the other Jews who were in the king’s provinces also gathered to defend their lives and gained relief from their enemies and killed seventy-five thousand of those who hated them, but they laid no hands on the plunder.

( I) 17 This was on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar, and ester 9 15 19 the fourteenth day they rested and made that a day of feasting and gladness. ( J) The Feast of Purim Inaugurated 18 But the Jews who were in Susa gathered on the thirteenth day and on the fourteenth and rested on the fifteenth day, making that a day of feasting and gladness.

( K) 19 Therefore the Jews of the villages, who live in the open towns, hold the fourteenth day of the month of Adar as a day for gladness and feasting, a holiday on which they send gifts of food to one another. ( L) 20 Mordecai recorded these things and sent letters to all the Jews who were in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, both near and far, 21 enjoining them that they should keep the fourteenth day of the month Adar and also the fifteenth day of the same month, year by year, 22 as the days on which the Jews gained relief from their enemies and as the month that had been turned for them from sorrow into gladness and from mourning into a holiday, that they should make them days of feasting and gladness, days for sending gifts of food to one another and presents to the poor.

( M) 23 So the Jews adopted as a custom what they had begun to do, as Mordecai had written to them. 24 For Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast Pur—that is, “the lot”—to crush and to destroy them, ( N) 25 but ester 9 15 19 Esther [ b] came before the king, he gave orders in writing that the wicked plot that he had devised against the Jews should come upon his own head and that he and his sons should be hung on the pole.

( O) 26 Therefore these days are called Purim, from the word Pur. Ester 9 15 19 because of all that was written in this letter and of what they had faced in this matter and of what had happened to them, ( P) 27 the Jews established and accepted as a custom for themselves and their descendants and ester 9 15 19 who joined them that without fail they would continue to observe these two days every year, as it was written and at the time appointed.

( Q) 28 These days should be remembered and kept throughout every generation, in every family, province, and city, and these days of Purim should never fall into disuse among the Jews, nor should the commemoration of these days cease among their descendants. 29 Queen Esther daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, gave full written authority confirming this second letter about Purim. ( R) 30 Letters were sent wishing peace and security to all the Jews, to the one hundred twenty-seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, ( S) 31 and giving orders that these days of Purim should be observed at their appointed seasons, as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther enjoined on the Jews, just as they had laid down for themselves and for their descendants regulations concerning their fasts and their lamentations.

( T) 32 The command of Esther fixed these practices of Purim, and it was recorded in writing. ( U) Cross references • 9.1 : v 17; Esth 3.13; 8.12 • 9.2 : vv 15–18; Esth 8.11, 17; Ps 71.13, 24 • 9.3 : Ezra 8.36 • 9.4 : 2 Sam 3.1; Prov 4.18 • 9.10 : Esth 5.11; 8.11 • 9.12 : Esth 7.2 • 9.13 : Esth 8.11 • 9.15 : v 10 • 9.16 : vv 2, 10, 15 • 9.17 : vv 1, 21 • 9.18 : vv 2, 21 • 9.19 : v 22; Deut 16.11, 14; Neh 8.10 • 9.22 : v 19 • 9.24 : Esth 3.6, 7 • 9.25 : Esth 3.6–15; 7.4–10; Ps 7.16 • 9.26 : v 20 • 9.27 : vv 20, 21; Esth 8.17 • 9.29 : vv 20, 21; Esth 2.15 • 9.30 : Esth 1.1 • 9.31 : Esth 4.3 • 9.32 : v 26 9 On the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, ( A) the edict commanded by the king was to be carried out.

On this day the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, but now the tables were turned and the Jews got the upper hand ( B) over those who hated them. ( C) 2 The Jews assembled in their cities ( D) in all the provinces of King Xerxes to attack those determined to destroy them.

No one could stand against them, ( E) because the people of all the other nationalities were afraid of them. 3 And all the nobles of the provinces, the satraps, the governors and the king’s administrators helped the Jews, ( F) because fear of Mordecai had seized them.

( G) 4 Mordecai ( H) was prominent ( I) in the palace; his reputation spread throughout the provinces, and he became more and more powerful.

( J) 5 The Jews struck down all their enemies with the sword, killing and destroying them, ( K) and they did what they pleased to those who hated them.

6 In the citadel of Susa, the Jews killed and destroyed five hundred men. 7 They also killed Parshandatha, Dalphon, Aspatha, 8 Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha, 9 Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai and Vaizatha, 10 the ten sons ( L) of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews.

( M) But they did not lay their hands on the plunder. ( N) 11 The number of those killed in the citadel of Susa was reported to the king that same day. 12 The king said to Queen Esther, “The Jews have killed and destroyed five hundred men and the ten sons of Haman in the citadel of Susa.

What have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces? Now what is your petition? It will be given you. What is your request? It will also be granted.” ( O) 13 “If it pleases the king,” Esther answered, “give the Jews in Susa permission to carry out this day’s edict tomorrow also, and let Haman’s ten sons ( P) be impaled ( Q) on poles.” 14 So the king commanded that this be done. An edict was issued in Susa, and they impaled ( R) the ten sons of Haman.

15 The Jews in Susa came together on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, and they put to death in Susa three hundred men, but they did not lay their hands on the plunder. ( S) 16 Meanwhile, the remainder of the Jews who were in the king’s provinces also assembled to protect themselves and get relief ( T) from their enemies. ( U) They killed seventy-five thousand of them ( V) but did not lay their hands on the plunder.

( W) 17 This happened on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar, and on the fourteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting ( X) and joy. 18 The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth, and then on the fifteenth they rested ester 9 15 19 made it a day of feasting and joy. 19 That is why rural Jews—those living in villages—observe the fourteenth of the month of Adar ( Y) as a day of joy and feasting, a day for giving presents to each other.

( Z) Purim Established 20 Mordecai recorded these events, and he sent letters to all the Jews throughout the provinces of King Xerxes, near and far, ester 9 15 19 to have them celebrate annually the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar 22 as the time when the Jews got relief ( AA) from their enemies, and as the month when their sorrow was turned into joy and their mourning into a day of celebration.

( AB) He wrote them to observe the days as days of feasting and joy and giving presents of food ( AC) to one another and gifts to the poor. ( AD) 23 So the Jews agreed to continue the celebration they had begun, doing what Mordecai had written to them. 24 For Ester 9 15 19 son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, ( AE) the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the pur ( AF) (that is, the lot ( AG)) for their ruin and destruction.

( AH) 25 But when the plot came to the king’s attention, [ a] he issued written orders that the evil scheme Haman had devised against the Jews should come back onto his own head, ( AI) and that he and his sons should be impaled ( AJ) on poles.

( AK) 26 (Therefore these days were called Purim, from the word pur. ( AL)) Because of everything written in this letter and because of what they had seen and what had happened to them, 27 the Jews took it on themselves to establish the custom that they and their descendants and all who join them should without fail observe these two days every year, in the way prescribed and at the time appointed.

28 These days should be remembered and observed in every generation by every family, and in every province and in every city. And these days of Purim should never fail to be celebrated by the Jews—nor should the memory of these days die out among their descendants. 29 So Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, ( AM) along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority ester 9 15 19 confirm this second letter concerning Purim.

30 And Mordecai sent letters to all the Jews in the 127 provinces ( AN) of Xerxes’ kingdom—words of goodwill and assurance— 31 to establish these days of Purim at their designated times, as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther had decreed for them, and as they had established for themselves and their descendants in regard to their times of fasting ( AO) and lamentation.

( AP) 32 Esther’s decree confirmed these regulations about Purim, and it was written down in the records. Cross references • Esther 9:1 : S Est 8:12 • Esther 9:1 : Jer 29:4-7 • Esther 9:1 : S Est 3:12-14; Pr 22:22-23 • Esther 9:2 : S Ge 22:17 • Esther 9:2 : Ps 35:26; 40:14; 70:2; 71:13, 24 • Esther 9:3 : S Ezr 8:36 • Esther 9:3 : Est 8:17 • Esther 9:4 : S Est 8:15 • Esther 9:4 : S Ex 11:3 • Esther 9:4 : S 2Sa 3:1; 1Ch 11:9 ester 9 15 19 Esther 9:5 : Dt 25:17-19; S 1Sa 15:3; S Ezr 4:6 • Esther 9:10 : S Est 5:11; Ps 127:3-5 • Esther 9:10 : S 1Sa 15:33 • Esther 9:10 : S Ge 14:23; S 1Sa 14:32; S Est 3:13 • Esther 9:12 : Est 5:6; 7:2 • Esther 9:13 : S Est 5:11 • Esther 9:13 : S Dt 21:22-23 • Esther 9:14 : S Ezr 6:11 • Esther 9:15 : S Ge 14:23; S Est 8:11 • Esther 9:16 : S Est 4:14 • Esther 9:16 : Dt 25:19 • Esther 9:16 : S 1Ch 4:43 • Esther 9:16 : S Est 8:11 • Esther 9:17 : S 1Ki 3:15 • Esther 9:19 : S Est 3:7 • Esther 9:19 : Dt 16:11, 14; S Est 2:9; Rev 11:10 • Esther 9:22 : S Est 4:14 • Esther 9:22 : Ne 8:12; Ps 30:11-12 • Esther 9:22 : S 2Ki 25:30 • Esther 9:22 : S Ne 8:10 • Esther 9:24 : S Ex 17:8-16 • Esther 9:24 : S Est 3:7 • Esther 9:24 : S Lev 16:8 • Esther 9:24 : Est 3:6 • Esther 9:25 : Ps 7:16 • Esther 9:25 : S Dt 21:22-23 • Esther 9:25 : Est 7:10 • Esther 9:26 : S Est 3:7 • Esther 9:29 : Est 2:15 • Esther 9:30 : S Est 1:1 • Esther 9:31 : S Est 4:16 • Esther 9:31 : Est 4:1-3
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Edwin Orr • Blog • Q&A with David Guzik • Weekly Devotional • For Pastors, Preachers, Bible Teachers • Bible Study Tools • Thinking About… • Creed • Wöchentliche Andacht • Donate • Search • Menu Menu Esther 9 – Victory for the Jews A.

They defeat their enemies. 1. (1-5) Victory, with the help of the king. Now in the twelfth month, that is, the month of Adar, on the thirteenth day, the time came for the king’s command and his decree to be executed. On the day that the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, the opposite occurred, in that the Jews themselves overpowered those who hated them.

The Jews gathered together in their cities throughout all the provinces of King Ahasuerus to lay hands on those who sought their harm. And no one could withstand them, because fear of them fell upon all people. And all the officials of the provinces, the satraps, the governors, and all those doing the king’s work, helped the Jews, because the fear of Mordecai fell upon them. For Mordecai was great in the king’s palace, and his fame spread throughout all the provinces; for this man Mordecai became increasingly prominent.

Thus the Jews defeated all their enemies with the stroke of the sword, with slaughter and destruction, and did what they pleased with those who hated ester 9 15 19. a. On the day that the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, the opposite occurred: The Jews definitely had their enemies, those who wished to destroy them.

Yet they had someone great on their side: the king, with all his resources. With the king for them, it didn’t matter who was against them. b. Thus the Jews defeated all their enemies: We have our own enemies to deal with; but with the King of Kings on our side, we have no reason to fear – What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? (Romans 8:31) 2. (6-10) Cities where they fought their enemies.

And in Shushan the citadel the Jews killed and destroyed five hundred men. Also Parshandatha, Dalphon, Aspatha, Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha, Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai, and Vajezatha; the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews; they killed; but they did not lay a hand on the plunder.

3. (11-17) At the king’s invitation, Esther asks for the complete defeat of all the enemies of the Jews. On that day the number of those who were killed in Shushan the citadel was brought to the king. And the king said to Queen Esther, “The Jews have killed and destroyed five hundred men in Shushan the citadel, and the ten sons of Haman.

What have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces? Now what is your petition? It shall be granted to you. Or what is your further request? It shall be done.” Then Esther said, “If it pleases the king, let it be granted to the Jews who are in Shushan to do again tomorrow according to today’s decree, and let Haman’s ten sons be hanged on the gallows.” So the king commanded this to be done; ester 9 15 19 decree was issued in Shushan, and they hanged Haman’s ten sons.

And the Jews who were in Shushan gathered together again on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar and killed three hundred men at Shushan; but they did not lay a hand on the plunder.

The remainder of the Jews in the king’s provinces gathered together and protected their lives, had rest from their enemies, and killed seventy-five thousand of their enemies; but they did not lay a hand on the plunder. This was on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar. And on the fourteenth day of the month they rested and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

a. If it pleases the king, let it be granted to the Jews who are in Shushan to do again tomorrow according to today’s decree, and let Haman’s ten sons be hanged on the gallows: Many have criticized Esther for this, saying it showed a lack of love towards her enemies.

Yet she displays the same principle found so often in Joshua – she would not settle for less than total victory. b. And they hanged Haman’s ester 9 15 19 sons: Haman and his sons were descendents of the ancient Amalekites (comparing Esther 3:1 and 1 Samuel 15:8-33).

God commanded Saul, the son of Kish, to execute the full extent of God’s judgment against the Amalekites (1 Samuel 15:2-3). Saul failed; but this later descendent of the tribe of Benjamin and a son of Kish named Mordecai (Esther 2:5-6) completed God’s judgment against the Amalekites.

i. “Now it was God’s intent that a last conflict should take place between Israel and Amalek: the conflict which began with Joshua in the desert was to be finished by Mordecai in the king’s palace.” (Spurgeon) B. The feast of Purim established. 1. (18-19) A great celebration among the Jews of the Persian Empire.

But the Jews who were at Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day, as well as on the fourteenth; and on the fifteenth of the month they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness. Therefore the Jews of the villages who dwelt in the unwalled towns celebrated the fourteenth day of the month of Adar with gladness and feasting, as a holiday, and for sending presents to one another. 2. (20-32) The institution of the feast of Purim. And Mordecai wrote these things and sent letters to all the Jews, near and far, who were in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, to establish among them that they should celebrate yearly the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar, as the days on which the Jews had rest from their enemies, as the month which was turned from sorrow to joy for them, and from mourning to a ester 9 15 19 that they should make them days of feasting and joy, of sending presents to one another and gifts to the poor.

So the Jews accepted the custom which they had begun, as Mordecai had written to them, because Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Ester 9 15 19, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to annihilate them, and had cast Pur (that is, the lot), to consume them and destroy them; but when Esther came before the king, he commanded by letter that this wicked plot which Haman had devised against the Jews should return on his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows.

So they called these days Purim, after the name Pur. Therefore, because of all the words of this letter, what they had seen concerning this matter, and what had happened to them, the Jews established and imposed it upon themselves and their descendants and all who would join them, that without fail they should celebrate these two days every year, according to the written instructions and according to the prescribed time, that these days should be remembered and kept throughout every generation, every family, every province, and every city, that these days of Purim should not fail to be observed among the Jews, and that the memory of them should not perish among their descendants.

Then Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.

And Mordecai sent letters to all the Jews, to the one hundred and twenty-seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth, to confirm these days of Purim at their appointed time, as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther had prescribed for them, and as they had decreed for themselves and their descendants concerning matters of their fasting and lamenting.

So the decree of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim, and it was written in the book. a. Mordecai wrote these things and sent letters to all the Jews, near and far, who were in ester 9 15 19 the provinces of King Ahasuerus, to establish among them that they should celebrate yearly: The principle of remembering God’s great deliverance is good; we too often forget His great works.

b. So the decree of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim: Today, Purim is one of the more popular Jewish feasts, with costumes, games and noise.

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1 Now in the twelfth month, that is, the month Adar, on the thirteenth day of the same, when the king's commandment and his decree drew near to be put in execution, in the day that the enemies of the Jews hoped to have power over them, (though it was turned to the contrary, that the Jews had rule over them that hated them;) 2 The Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt: and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them fell upon all people.

3 And all the rulers of the provinces, and the lieutenants, and the deputies, and officers of the king, helped the Jews; because the fear of Mordecai fell upon them.

4 For Mordecai was great in the king's house, and his fame went out throughout all the provinces: for this man Mordecai waxed greater and greater.

5 Thus the Jews smote all their enemies with the stroke of the sword, and slaughter, and destruction, and did what they would unto those that hated them. 6 And in Shushan the palace the Jews ester 9 15 19 and destroyed five hundred men. 7 And Parshandatha, and Dalphon, and Aspatha, 8 And Ester 9 15 19, and Adalia, and Ester 9 15 19, 9 And Parmashta, and Arisai, and Aridai, and Vajezatha, 10 The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, slew they; but on the spoil laid they not their hand.

11 On that day the number of those that were slain in Shushan the palace was brought before the king. 12 And the king said unto Esther the queen, The Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in Shushan the palace, and the ten sons of Haman; what have they done in the rest of the king's provinces?

now what is thy petition? and it shall be granted thee: or what is thy request further? and it shall be done. 13 Then said Esther, If it please the king, let it be granted to the Jews which are in Shushan to do to morrow also according unto this day's decree, and let Haman's ten sons be hanged upon the gallows. 14 And the king commanded it so to be done: and the decree was given at Shushan; and they hanged Haman's ten sons. 15 For the Jews that were in Shushan gathered themselves together on the fourteenth day also of the month Adar, and slew three hundred men at Ester 9 15 19 but on the prey they laid not their hand.

16 But the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themselves together, and stood for their lives, and had rest from their enemies, and slew of their foes seventy and five thousand, but they laid not their hands on the prey, 17 On the thirteenth day of the month Adar; and on the fourteenth day of the same rested they, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.

18 But the Jews that were at Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof; and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness. 19 Therefore the Jews of the villages, that dwelt in the unwalled towns, made the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.

20 And Mordecai wrote these things, and sent letters unto all the Jews that were in all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, both nigh and far, 21 To stablish this among them, that they should keep the fourteenth day of the month Adar, and the fifteenth day of the same, yearly, 22 As the days wherein the Jews rested from their enemies, and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to joy, and from mourning into a good day: that they should make them days of feasting and joy, and of sending portions one to another, and gifts to the poor.

23 And the Jews undertook to do as they had begun, and as Mordecai had written unto them; 24 Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them; 25 But when Esther came before the king, he commanded by letters that his wicked device, which he devised against the Jews, should return upon his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows.

26 Wherefore they called these days Purim after the name of Pur. Therefore for all the words of this letter, and of that which they had seen concerning this matter, and which had come unto them, 27 The Jews ordained, and took upon them, and upon their seed, and upon all such as joined themselves unto them, so as it should not fail, that they would keep these two days according to their writing, and according to their appointed time every year; 28 And that these days should be remembered and kept throughout ester 9 15 19 generation, every family, every province, and every city; and that these days of Purim should not fail from among the Jews, nor the memorial of them perish from their seed.

29 Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority, to confirm this second letter of Purim. 30 And he sent the letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth, 31 To confirm these days of Purim in their times appointed, according as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them, and as they had decreed for themselves and for their seed, the matters of the fastings and their cry.

32 And the decree of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim; and it was written in the book. The success of the Jews. (1-19) The feast of Purim in remembrance of this.

(20-32) 1-19 The enemies of the Jews hoped to have power over them by the former edict. If they had attempted nothing against the people of God, they would not themselves have suffered. The Jews, acting together, strengthened one another. Let us learn to stand fast in one spirit, and with one mind, striving together against the enemies of our souls, who endeavour to rob us of our faith, which is more precious than our lives. The Jews, to the honour of their religion, showed contempt of wordly wealth, that they might make it appear they desired nothing except their own preservation.

In every case the people of God should manifest humanity and disinterestedness, frequently refusing advantages which might lawfully be obtained. The Jews celebrated their festival the day after they had finished their work. When we have received great mercies from God, we ought to be speedy in making thankful returns to him. 20-32 The observance of the Jewish feasts, is a public declaration of the truth of the Old Testament Scriptures.

And as the Old Testament Scriptures are true, the Messiah expected by the Jews is come long ago; and none but Jesus of Nazareth can be that Messiah. The festival was appointed by authority, yet under the direction of the Spirit of God. It was called the feast of Purim, from a Persian word, which signifies a lot.

The name of this festival would remind them of the almighty power of the God of Israel, who served his own purposes by the superstitions of the heathen. In reviewing our mercies, we should advert to former fears and distresses. When our mercies are personal, we should not by forgetfulness lose the comfort of them, or withhold from the Lord the glory due to his name. May the Lord teach us to rejoice, with that holy joy which anticipates and prepares for the blessedness of heaven.

Every instance of Divine goodness to ourselves, is a new obligation laid on us to do good, to those especially who most need our bounty. Above all, redemption by Christ binds us to be merciful, #2Co 8:9. Commentary by Matthew Henry, 1710.
Tindakan orang Yahudi terhadap musuhnya 9:1 Dalam bulan yang kedua belas--yakni bulan Adar k--,pada hari yang ketiga belas, ketika titah serta undang-undang raja akan dilaksanakan, pada hari musuh-musuh orang Ester 9 15 19 berharap mengalahkan orang Yahudi, terjadilah yang sebaliknya: l orang Yahudi mengalahkan pembenci-pembenci mereka.

m 9:2 Maka berkumpullah orang Yahudi di dalam kota-kotanya n di seluruh daerah raja Ahasyweros, untuk membunuh orang-orang yang berikhtiar mencelakakan mereka, dan tiada seorangpun tahan menghadapi mereka, o karena ketakutan kepada orang Yahudi p telah menimpa segala bangsa itu. 9:3 Dan semua pembesar daerah dan wakil pemerintahan dan bupati serta pejabat kerajaan menyokong orang Yahudi, karena ketakutan kepada Mordekhai telah menimpa mereka.

q 9:4 Sebab Mordekhai r besar kekuasaannya s di dalam istana raja dan tersiarlah berita tentang dia ke segenap daerah, karena Mordekhai itu bertambah-tambah besar kekuasaannya. t 9:5 Maka orang Yahudi mengalahkan semua musuhnya 1: mereka memukulnya dengan pedang, membunuh dan membinasakannya; u mereka berbuat sekehendak hatinya terhadap pembenci-pembenci mereka. 9:6 Di dalam benteng Susan saja orang Yahudi membunuh dan membinasakan lima ratus orang.

9:7 Juga Parsandata, Dalfon, Aspata, 9:8 Porata, Adalya, Aridata, 9:9 Parmasta, Arisai, Aridai ester 9 15 19 Waizata, 9:10 kesepuluh anak laki-laki v Haman bin Hamedata, seteru orang Yahudi, w dibunuh oleh mereka, tetapi kepada barang rampasan x tidaklah mereka mengulurkan tangan.

9:11 Pada hari itu juga jumlah orang-orang yang terbunuh di dalam benteng Susan disampaikan ke hadapan raja. 9:12 Lalu titah raja kepada Ester, sang ratu: "Di dalam benteng Susan saja orang Yahudi telah membunuh dan membinasakan lima ratus orang beserta kesepuluh anak Haman. Di daerah-daerah kerajaan yang lain, entahlah apa yang diperbuat mereka. Dan apakah permintaanmu sekarang?

Niscaya akan dikabulkan. Dan apakah keinginanmu lagi? Niscaya dipenuhi. y" 9:13 Lalu jawab Ester: "Jikalau baik pada pemandangan raja, diizinkanlah kiranya kepada orang Yahudi ester 9 15 19 di Susan untuk berbuat besokpun sesuai dengan undang-undang untuk hari ini, dan kesepuluh anak z Haman itu hendaklah disulakan a pada tiang." 9:14 Rajapun menitahkan berbuat demikian; maka undang-undang itu dikeluarkan di Susan dan kesepuluh anak Haman disulakan b orang.

9:15 Jadi berkumpullah orang Yahudi yang di Susan pada hari yang keempat belas bulan Adar juga dan dibunuhnyalah di Susan tiga ratus orang, tetapi kepada barang rampasan c tidaklah mereka mengulurkan tangan. 9:16 Orang Yahudi yang lain, yang ada di dalam daerah kerajaan, berkumpul dan mempertahankan nyawanya serta mendapat keamanan d terhadap musuhnya; e mereka membunuh tujuh puluh lima ribu orang f di antara pembenci-pembenci mereka, tetapi kepada barang rampasan g tidaklah mereka mengulurkan tangan.

9:17 Hal itu terjadi pada hari yang ketiga belas dalam bulan Adar. Pada hari yang keempat belas berhentilah mereka dan hari itu dijadikan mereka hari perjamuan h dan sukacita. 9:18 Akan tetapi orang Yahudi yang di Susan berkumpul, baik pada hari yang ketiga belas, baik pada hari yang keempat belas dalam bulan itu. Lalu berhentilah mereka pada hari yang kelima belas dan hari itu dijadikan mereka hari perjamuan dan sukacita.

9:19 Oleh sebab itu orang Yahudi yang di pedusunan, yakni yang diam di ester 9 15 19 merayakan hari yang keempat belas bulan Adar i itu sebagai hari sukacita dan hari perjamuan, dan sebagai hari gembira untuk antar-mengantar j makanan. Penetapan hari raya Purim 9:20 Maka Mordekhai menuliskan peristiwa itu, lalu mengirimkan surat-surat kepada semua orang Yahudi di seluruh daerah raja Ahasyweros, baik yang dekat baik yang jauh, 9:21 untuk mewajibkan mereka, supaya tiap-tiap tahun merayakan hari yang keempat belas dan yang kelima belas bulan Adar, 9:22 karena pada hari-hari itulah orang Yahudi mendapat keamanan k terhadap musuhnya dan dalam bulan itulah dukacita mereka berubah menjadi sukacita dan hari perkabungan menjadi hari gembira, l dan supaya menjadikan hari-hari itu hari perjamuan dan sukacita dan hari untuk antar-mengantar makanan m dan untuk bersedekah kepada orang-orang miskin.

n 9:23 Maka orang Yahudi menerima sebagai ketetapan apa yang sudah dimulai mereka melakukannya dan apa yang ditulis Mordekhai kepada mereka. 9:24 Sesungguhnya Haman bin Ester 9 15 19, orang Agag, o seteru semua orang Yahudi itu, telah merancangkan hendak membinasakan orang Yahudi dan diapun telah membuang pur p--yakni undi q--untuk menghancurkan dan membinasakan r mereka, 9:25 akan tetapi ketika hal itu disampaikan ke hadapan raja, maka dititahkannyalah dengan surat, supaya rancangan jahat yang dibuat Haman terhadap orang Yahudi itu dibalikkan ke atas kepalanya.

s Maka Haman beserta anak-anaknya disulakan t pada tiang. u 9:26 Oleh sebab itulah hari-hari itu disebut Purim 2, menurut kata pur. v Oleh sebab itu jugalah, yakni karena seluruh isi surat itu dan karena apa yang dilihat mereka mengenai hal itu dan apa yang dialami mereka, 9:27 orang Yahudi menerima sebagai kewajiban dan sebagai ketetapan bagi dirinya sendiri dan keturunannya dan bagi sekalian orang yang akan bergabung dengan mereka, bahwa mereka tidak akan melampaui merayakan kedua hari itu tiap-tiap tahun, menurut yang dituliskan tentang itu dan pada waktu yang ditentukan, 9:28 dan bahwa hari-hari itu akan diperingati dan dirayakan di dalam tiap-tiap angkatan, di dalam tiap-tiap kaum, di tiap-tiap daerah, di tiap-tiap kota, sehingga hari-hari Purim itu tidak akan lenyap dari tengah-tengah orang Yahudi dan peringatannya tidak akan berakhir dari antara keturunan mereka.

9:29 Lalu Ester, sang ratu, anak Abihail, w menulis surat, bersama-sama dengan Mordekhai, orang Yahudi itu; surat yang kedua tentang hari raya Purim ini dituliskannya dengan segala ketegasan untuk menguatkannya.

9:30 Lalu dikirimkanlah surat-surat kepada semua orang Yahudi di dalam keseratus dua puluh tujuh daerah x kerajaan Ahasyweros, dengan kata-kata salam dan setia, 9:31 supaya hari-hari Purim itu dirayakan pada waktu yang ditentukan, seperti yang diwajibkan kepada mereka oleh Mordekhai, orang Yahudi itu, dan oleh Ester, sang ratu, dan seperti yang diwajibkan mereka kepada dirinya sendiri serta keturunan mereka, mengenai hal berpuasa y dan meratap-ratap.

z 9:32 Demikianlah perintah Ester menetapkan perihal Purim itu, kemudian dituliskan di dalam kitab. [9:5] 1 Full Life : MENGALAHKAN SEMUA MUSUHNYA. Nas : Est 9:5 Binasanya musuh orang Yahudi pada tanggal 13 bulan Adar adalah tindakan bela diri; orang Yahudi telah dijebak dalam situasi sehingga mereka harus bertempur demi menyelamatkan nyawa mereka.

Mereka menentang semua pihak yang ingin memusnahkan mereka, namun mereka menahan diri dengan tidak menjarah musuh-musuh mereka itu (ayat Est 9:10,15-16).

{INSERTKEYS} [9:26] 2 Full Life : PURIM. Nas : Est 9:26 Mordekhai menetapkan Hari Raya Purim (bd. ayat Est 9:20-23), perayaan selama dua hari yang merayakan perbuatan Allah membebaskan umat-Nya dari komplotan jahat Haman.

• 1) Pesta itu disebut "Purim" untuk mengingat bahwa Haman memakai "pur" atau undi untuk menentukan hari pembantaian orang Yahudi (lihat cat.

--> Est 3:7). [atau ref. Est 3:7] • 2) Purim mengingatkan kita bahwa Allah dapat mengesampingkan hukum peruntungan. Umat Allah tidak boleh memandang diri sebagai korban nasib atau peruntungan. Allah memiliki rencana indah bagi kehidupan kita, suatu rencana yang cocok dengan rencana penebusan-Nya yang besar. Tetapi kita harus mempunyai pendirian yang tetap, seperti Mordekhai dan Ester.Chapter 9 1 And in the twelfth month-which is the month of Adar-on the thirteenth day thereof, when the king's order and his edict drew near to be put into execution, on the day that the Jews' enemies looked forward to ruling over them, it was reversed,the Jews should rule over their enemies.

א וּבִשְׁנֵים֩ עָשָׂ֨ר חֹ֜דֶשׁ הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֗ר בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ בּ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִגִּ֧יעַ דְּבַר־הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְדָת֖וֹ לְהֵֽעָשׂ֑וֹת בַּיּ֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר שִׂבְּר֜וּ אֹֽיְבֵ֤י הַיְּהוּדִים֙ לִשְׁל֣וֹט בָּהֶ֔ם וְנַֽהֲפ֣וֹךְ ה֔וּא אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁלְט֧וּ הַיְּהוּדִ֛ים הֵ֖מָּה בְּשֹֽׂנְאֵיהֶֽם: 2 The Jews assembled in their cities, in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, to lay hand on those who sought to harm them, and no one stood up before them, for their fear had fallen upon all the peoples.

ב נִקְהֲל֨וּ הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים בְּעָֽרֵיהֶ֗ם בְּכָל־מְדִינוֹת֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ יָ֔ד בִּמְבַקְשֵׁ֖י רָֽעָתָ֑ם וְאִישׁ֙ לֹֽא־עָמַ֣ד לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּחְדָּ֖ם עַל־כָּל־הָֽעַמִּֽים: 3 And all the princes of the provinces and the satraps and the governors and those that conduct the king's affairs elevated the Jews, for the fear of Mordecai fell upon them.

ג וְכָל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַמְּדִינ֜וֹת וְהָֽאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִ֣ים וְהַפַּח֗וֹת וְעֹשֵׂ֤י הַמְּלָאכָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מְנַשְׂאִ֖ים אֶת־הַיְּהוּדִ֑ים כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּֽחַד־מָרְדֳּכַ֖י עֲלֵיהֶֽם: and those that conduct the king’s affairs: those who were appointed to conduct the king’s affairs. 4 For Mordecai was great in the king's house, and his fame went forth throughout all the provinces, for the man Mordecai waxed greater and greater.

ד כִּֽי־גָ֤דוֹל מָרְדֳּכַי֙ בְּבֵ֣ית הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְשָׁמְע֖וֹ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ בְּכָל־הַמְּדִינ֑וֹת כִּֽי־הָאִ֥ישׁ מָרְדֳּכַ֖י הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וְגָדֽוֹל: 5 And the Jews smote all their enemies with the stroke of the sword and with slaying and destruction, and they did to their enemies as they wished. ה וַיַּכּ֤וּ הַיְּהוּדִים֙ בְּכָל־אֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם מַכַּת־חֶ֥רֶב וְהֶ֖רֶג וְאַבְדָ֑ן וַיַּֽעֲשׂ֥וּ בְשֹֽׂנְאֵיהֶ֖ם כִּרְצוֹנָֽם: 6 And in Shushan the capital, the Jews slew and destroyed five hundred men. ו וּבְשׁוּשַׁ֣ן הַבִּירָ֗ה הָֽרְג֤וּ הַיְּהוּדִים֙ וְאַבֵּ֔ד חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת אִֽישׁ: 7 And Parshandatha and Dalphon and Aspatha, ז וְאֵ֧ת - פַּרְשַׁנְדָּ֛תָא וְאֵ֥ת - דַּלְפ֖וֹן וְאֵ֥ת - אַסְפָּֽתָא: 8 and Poratha and Adalia and Aridatha, ח וְאֵ֧ת - פּוֹרָ֛תָא וְאֵ֥ת - אֲדַלְיָ֖א וְאֵ֥ת - אֲרִידָֽתָא: 9 and Parmashta and Arisai and Aridai and Vaizatha: ט וְאֵ֤ת - פַּרְמַ֙שְׁתָּא֙ וְאֵ֣ת - אֲרִיסַ֔י וְאֵ֥ת - אֲרִידַ֖י וְאֵ֥ת - וַיְזָתָא: 10 The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the adversary of the Jews, they slew, but on the spoil they did not lay their hands.

י עֲ֠שֶׂ֠רֶת בְּנֵ֨י הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא צֹרֵ֥ר הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים הָרָ֑גוּ וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָֽׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם: The ten sons of Haman: I saw in Seder Olam (ch.

29): These are the ten who wrote a [false] accusation against Judea and Jerusalem, as it is written in the Book of Ezra (4:6): “And in the reign of Ahasuerus, at the beginning of his reign, they wrote an accusation against the dwellers of Judea and Jerusalem.” Now what was the accusation? To stop those who ascended from the exile during the days of Cyrus, who had commenced to build the Temple, and the Cutheans slandered them and stopped them, and when Cyrus died, and Ahasuerus reigned, and Haman was promoted, he feared that those in Jerusalem would engage in the construction, and they sent in the name of Ahasuerus to the princes of the other side of the river to stop them.

but on the spoil they did not lay their hands: so that the king should not cast an envious eye on their money. 11 On that day, the number of those slain in Shushan the capital came before the king. יא בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא בָּ֣א מִסְפַּ֧ר הַֽהֲרוּגִ֛ים בְּשׁוּשַׁ֥ן הַבִּירָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ: 12 And the king said to Queen Esther, "In Shushan the capital the Jews slew and destroyed five hundred men, and the ten sons of Haman; in the rest of the king's provinces what have they done!

Now what is your petition, and it shall be granted you, and what is your request, and it shall be done." יב וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֗ה בְּשׁוּשַׁ֣ן הַבִּירָ֡ה הָֽרְגוּ֩ הַיְּהוּדִ֨ים וְאַבֵּ֜ד חֲמֵ֧שׁ מֵא֣וֹת אִ֗ישׁ וְאֵת֙ עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת בְּנֵֽי־הָמָ֔ן בִּשְׁאָ֛ר מְדִינ֥וֹת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶ֣ה עָשׂ֑וּ וּמַה־שְּׁאֵֽלָתֵךְ֙ וְיִנָּ֣תֵֽן לָ֔ךְ וּמַה־בַּקָּֽשָׁתֵ֥ךְ ע֖וֹד וְתֵעָֽשׂ: 13 And Esther said, "If it please the king, let tomorrow too be granted to the Jews to do as today's decree, and let them hang Haman's ten sons on the gallows." יג וַתֹּ֤אמֶר אֶסְתֵּר֙ אִם־עַל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ט֔וֹב יִנָּתֵ֣ן גַּם־מָחָ֗ר לַיְּהוּדִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּשׁוּשָׁ֔ן לַֽעֲשׂ֖וֹת כְּדָ֣ת הַיּ֑וֹם וְאֵ֛ת עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת בְּנֵֽי־הָמָ֖ן יִתְל֥וּ עַל־הָעֵֽץ: and let them hang Haman’s ten sons on the gallows: those who were slain.

{/INSERTKEYS}

14 Now the king ordered that it be done so, and a decree was given in Shushan, and they hanged Haman's ten sons. יד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ לְהֵֽעָשׂ֣וֹת ester 9 15 19 וַתִּנָּתֵ֥ן דָּ֖ת בְּשׁוּשָׁ֑ן וְאֵ֛ת עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת בְּנֵֽי־הָמָ֖ן תָּלֽוּ: and a decree was given: a statute was decreed.

15 Now the Jews who were in Shushan assembled on the fourteenth day of Adar as well, and they slew in Shushan three hundred men, but upon the spoils they did not lay their hands. טו וַיִּֽקָּֽהֲל֞וּ הַיְּהוּדִ֣ים (כתיב היהודיים) אֲשֶׁר־בְּשׁוּשָׁ֗ן גַּ֠ם בְּי֣וֹם אַרְבָּעָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֔ר וַיַּֽהַרְג֣וּ בְשׁוּשָׁ֔ן שְׁל֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת אִ֑ישׁ וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָֽׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם: 16 And the rest of the Jews who were in the king's provinces assembled and protected themselves and had rest from their enemies and slew their foes, seventy-five thousand, but upon the spoil they did not lay their hands טז וּשְׁאָ֣ר הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ בִּמְדִינ֨וֹת הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ נִקְהֲל֣וּ - וְעָמֹ֣ד עַל־נַפְשָׁ֗ם וְנ֨וֹחַ֙ מֵאֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָרוֹג֙ בְּשֹׂ֣נְאֵיהֶ֔ם חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים אָ֑לֶף וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָֽׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם: 17 on the thirteenth of the month of Adar, and they rested on the fourteenth thereof, and made it a day of feasting and joy.

יז בְּיֽוֹם־שְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֑ר וְנ֗וֹחַ בְּאַרְבָּעָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ בּ֔וֹ וְעָשֹׂ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ י֖וֹם מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה וְשִׂמְחָֽה: 18 And the Jews who were in Shushan assembled on the thirteenth thereof and on the fourteenth thereof, and ester 9 15 19 on the fifteenth thereof, and made it a day of feasting and joy. יח וְהַיְּהוּדִ֣ים (כתיב והיהודיים) אֲשֶׁר־בְּשׁוּשָׁ֗ן נִקְהֲלוּ֙ בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ בּ֔וֹ וּבְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר בּ֑וֹ וְנ֗וֹחַ בַּֽחֲמִשָּׁ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ בּ֔וֹ וְעָשׂ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ י֖וֹם מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה וְשִׂמְחָֽה: 19 Therefore, the Jewish villagers, who live in open towns, make the fourteenth day of the month of Adar [a day of] joy and feasting and a festive day, and of sending portions to one another.

יט עַל־כֵּ֞ן הַיְּהוּדִ֣ים הַפְּרָזִ֗ים (הפרוז֗ים כתיב) הַֽיּשְׁבִים֘ בְּעָרֵ֣י הַפְּרָזוֹת֒ עֹשִׂ֗ים אֵ֠ת י֣וֹם אַרְבָּעָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֔ר שִׂמְחָ֥ה וּמִשְׁתֶּ֖ה וְי֣וֹם ט֑וֹב וּמִשְׁלֹ֥חַ מָנ֖וֹת אִ֥ישׁ לְרֵעֵֽהוּ: the… villagers: who do not dwell in walled cities, [celebrate] on the fourteenth, and those who dwell in walled cities [celebrate] on the fifteenth, like Shushan, and [these cities] must be surrounded [by walls] since the days of Joshua the son of Nun.

So did our Sages expound and learn.

and… sending: Heb. וּמִשְּׁלֹחַ. This is a noun, like מִשְּׁמָר, watch, מִשְּׁמָע hearing. Therefore, the “shin” is vowelized soft (without a “dagesh”). 20 And Mordecai ester 9 15 19 these things and sent letters to all the Jews who were in all the provinces of King Ahasuerus, both near and far, כ וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב מָרְדֳּכַ֔י אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח סְפָרִ֜ים אֶל־כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֗ים אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּכָל־מְדִינוֹת֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ הַקְּרוֹבִ֖ים וְהָֽרְחוֹקִֽים: And Mordecai inscribed: this scroll, as it is.

[i.e., in its present state.] 21 to enjoin them to make the fourteenth day of the month of Adar and the fifteenth day thereof, every year, כא לְקַיֵּם֘ עֲלֵיהֶם֒ לִֽהְי֣וֹת עֹשִׂ֗ים אֵ֠ת י֣וֹם אַרְבָּעָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֔ר וְאֵ֛ת יֽוֹם־חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר בּ֑וֹ בְּכָל־שָׁנָ֖ה וְשָׁנָֽה: 22 as the days when the Jews rested from their enemies, and the month that was reversed for them from grief to joy and from mourning to a festive day-to make them days of feasting and joy, and sending portions one to another, and gifts to the poor.

כב כַּיָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁר־נָ֨חוּ בָהֶ֤ם הַיְּהוּדִים֙ מֵאֹ֣יְבֵיהֶ֔ם וְהַחֹ֗דֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר֩ נֶהְפַּ֨ךְ לָהֶ֤ם מִיָּגוֹן֙ לְשִׂמְחָ֔ה וּמֵאֵ֖בֶל לְי֣וֹם ט֑וֹב לַֽעֲשׂ֣וֹת אוֹתָ֗ם יְמֵי֙ מִשְׁתֶּ֣ה וְשִׂמְחָ֔ה וּמִשְׁלֹ֤חַ מָנוֹת֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וּמַתָּנ֖וֹת לָֽאֶבְיֹנִֽים: 23 And the Jews took upon themselves what they had commenced to do and what Mordecai had written to them.

כג וְקִבֵּל֙ הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־הֵחֵ֖לּוּ לַֽעֲשׂ֑וֹת וְאֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־כָּתַ֥ב מָרְדֳּכַ֖י אֲלֵיהֶֽם: 24 For Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the adversary of all the Jews, had devised to destroy the Jews, and he cast the pur-that is the lot-to terrify them and destroy them.

כד כִּי֩ הָמָ֨ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֜תָא הָֽאֲגָגִ֗י צֹרֵר֙ כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים חָשַׁ֥ב עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים לְאַבְּדָ֑ם וְהִפִּ֥יל פּוּר֙ ה֣וּא הַגּוֹרָ֔ל לְהֻמָּ֖ם וּֽלְאַבְּדָֽם: For Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite: devised to terrify them and destroy them. 25 And when she came before the king, he commanded through letters that his evil device that he had devised against the Jews return upon his own head, and to destroy him and his sons on the gallows.

כה וּבְבֹאָהּ֘ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֒לֶךְ֒ אָמַ֣ר עִם־הַסֵּ֔פֶר יָשׁ֞וּב מַֽחֲשַׁבְתּ֧וֹ הָֽרָעָ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־חָשַׁ֥ב עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים עַל־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וְתָל֥וּ אֹת֛וֹ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֖יו עַל־הָעֵֽץ: And when she came: [when] Esther [came] to the king to beseech him. he commanded through letters: The king stated orally and commanded to write letters that his evil device return upon his own head.

26 Therefore, they called these days Purim after the name pur; therefore, because of all the words of this letter, and what they saw concerning this matter, and what happened to them.

כו עַל־כֵּ֡ן קָֽרְאוּ֩ לַיָּמִ֨ים הָאֵ֤לֶּה פוּרִים֙ עַל־שֵׁ֣ם הַפּ֔וּר עַל־כֵּ֕ן עַל־כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֖י הָֽאִגֶּ֣רֶת הַזֹּ֑את וּמָֽה־רָא֣וּ עַל־כָּ֔כָה וּמָ֥ה הִגִּ֖יעַ אֲלֵיהֶֽם: therefore, because of all the words of this letter: these days were established, and therefore it was written for future generations to know.

and what they saw: those who did these deeds, that they did them. and what happened to them: What did Ahasuerus see that he used the sacred vessels, and what happened to them? That Satan came and danced among them and slew Vashti. And what did Haman see that he became envious of Mordecai, and what happened to him? They hanged him and his sons. And what did Mordecai see that he did not kneel or prostrate himself, and what did Esther see that she invited Haman?

27 The Jews ordained and took upon themselves and upon their seed and upon all those who join them, that it is not to be revoked to make these two days according to their script and according to their appointed time, every year.

כז קִיְּמ֣וּ וְקִבְּלֻ֣ הַיְּהוּדִים֩ - עֲלֵיהֶ֨ם - וְעַל־זַרְעָ֜ם וְעַ֨ל כָּל־הַנִּלְוִ֤ים עֲלֵיהֶם֙ וְלֹ֣א יַֽעֲב֔וֹר לִֽהְי֣וֹת עֹשִׂ֗ים אֶת־שְׁנֵ֤י הַיָּמִים֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה כִּכְתָבָ֖ם וְכִזְמַנָּ֑ם בְּכָל־שָׁנָ֖ה וְשָׁנָֽה: who join them: proselytes who were destined to convert. according to their script: that the Scroll [of Esther] should be written in the Ashuri script. 28 And these days ester 9 15 19 be remembered and celebrated throughout every generation, in every family, every province, and every city, and these days of Purim shall not be revoked from amidst the Jews, and their memory shall not cease from their seed.

כח וְהַיָּמִ֣ים הָ֠אֵ֠לֶּה נִזְכָּרִ֨ים וְנַֽעֲשִׂ֜ים בְּכָל־דּ֣וֹר וָד֗וֹר מִשְׁפָּחָה֙ וּמִשְׁפָּחָ֔ה מְדִינָ֥ה וּמְדִינָ֖ה וְעִ֣יר וָעִ֑יר וִימֵ֞י הַפּוּרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה לֹ֤א יַֽעַבְרוּ֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים וְזִכְרָ֖ם לֹא־יָס֥וּף מִזַּרְעָֽם: remembered: with the reading of the Scroll [of Esther].

and celebrated: feasting and rejoicing and a festive day, to give portions [of food to friends] and gifts [to the poor]. every family: gather together and feast and drink together, and so they took upon themselves that the Purim days would not be revoked. shall not cease: Heb. לֹא יָסוּף. This is the Aramaic translation of יִתֹּם, will end, for the Targum of ( Deut. 2:14) “ עַד תֹּם” is עַד דְסַף, until it finished, and it is impossible to say that it is derived from the same root as ( Gen.

19:15): “lest you perish (תִּסָפֶה) ,” or from the same root as ( I Sam. 27:1): “Now I shall perish (אֶסָפֶה) one day,” for if that were so, Scripture should have written: לֹא יִסָפֶה מִזַרְעָם. 29 Now, Queen Esther, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew wrote down all [the acts of] power, to confirm the second Purim letter. כט וַ֠תִּכְתֹּ֠ב (ת רבתי) אֶסְתֵּ֨ר הַמַּלְכָּ֧ה בַת־אֲבִיחַ֛יִל וּמָרְדֳּכַ֥י הַיְּהוּדִ֖י אֶת־כָּל־תֹּ֑קֶף לְקַיֵּ֗ם אֵ֣ת אִגֶּ֧רֶת הַפּוּרִ֛ים הַזֹּ֖את הַשֵּׁנִֽית: all [acts of] power: the power of the miracle of Ahasuerus, of Alaman, of Mordecai, and of Esther.

the second: In ester 9 15 19 second year they again sent letters that they should celebrate Purim. 30 And he sent letters to all the Jews, to one hundred twenty-seven provinces, the realm of Ahasuerus, words of peace and truth, ל וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח סְפָרִ֜ים אֶל־כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֗ים אֶל־שֶׁ֨בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מַלְכ֖וּת אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ דִּבְרֵ֥י שָׁל֖וֹם וֶֽאֱמֶֽת: 31 to confirm these days of Purim in their appointed times, as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them, and as they had ordained for themselves and for their seed, the matters of the fasts and their cry.

לא לְקַיֵּ֡ם אֵת־יְמֵי֩ הַפֻּרִ֨ים הָאֵ֜לֶּה בִּזְמַנֵּיהֶ֗ם כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֩ קִיַּ֨ם עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם מָרְדֳּכַ֤י הַיְּהוּדִי֙ וְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה וְכַֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר קִיְּמ֥וּ עַל־נַפְשָׁ֖ם וְעַל־זַרְעָ֑ם דִּבְרֵ֥י הַצּוֹמ֖וֹת וְזַֽעֲקָתָֽם: 32 Now Esther's order confirmed these matters of Purim, and it was inscribed in the book.

לב וּמַֽאֲמַ֣ר אֶסְתֵּ֔ר קִיַּ֕ם דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפֻּרִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וְנִכְתָּ֖ב בַּסֵּֽפֶר: Now Esther’s order confirmed, etc.: Esther requested of the sages of the generation to commemorate her ester 9 15 19 to write this book with the rest of the Holy Writings, and that is the meaning of “and it was inscribed in the book.”