Harga vitamin d

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('itemList.NEGOTIABLE' - translate) : '' %> Per <% v.vendor.unit_type %> Minyak Goreng Sebagai Kebutuhan Harga vitamin d Minyak goreng merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok rumah tangga, karena itu penting sekali untuk selalu menyiapkan minyak goreng pada dapur Anda. Memenuhi semua kebutuhan dapur dengan baik tentu akan menjadi poin penting bagi Anda, terutama Anda yang berstatus sebagai ibu rumah tangga.

Dapur yang lengkap dan memiliki berbagai bahan makanan yang memadai, akan mempermudah Anda dalam menyiapkan berbagai menu istimewa setiap harinya, sehingga asupan gizi yang baik bagi semua anggota keluarga akan lebih terjamin dan bisa dipenuhi dengan baik. Hal ini tentu menjadi perhatian khusus bagi Anda, apalagi jika selama ini Anda memang terbiasa menyiapkan sendiri makanan bagi semua anggota keluarga di rumah. Belanja bulanan pasti menjadi agenda wajib bagi Anda, mengingat ada banyak kebutuhan rumah tangga yang harus Anda beli.

Akan lebih tepat jika kegiatan belanja ini dilakukan secara harga vitamin d, agar semua kebutuhan bisa terpenuhi dengan baik.

Catat harga vitamin d kebutuhan bulanan, agar tidak ada barang yang ketinggalan. Catatan ini juga akan membantu Anda untuk memiliki kontrol yang baik ketika berbelanja, terutama jika Anda kerap kebablasan dan membeli berbagai barang yang tidak begitu dibutuhkan.

Harga Minyak Goreng Terbaik di Pasaran Sebagai kebutuhan pokok yang sangat penting, minyak goreng adalah salah satu yang wajib ada dalam list ketika kita ingin belanja kebutuhan rumah tangga. Karena hampir semua olahan lauk dan sayuran akan harga vitamin d minyak goreng dan Anda akan membutuhkannya dalam jumlah cukup banyak setiap bulannya. Sangat penting bagi Anda untuk menemukan harga minyak goreng murah di pasaran, agar uang belanja bulanan Anda bisa dihemat.

Membeli minyak goreng di supermarket bisa saja bukan pilihan yang tepat, sebab tempat ini biasanya akan menerapkan harga yang cukup tinggi, terutama untuk beberapa merek ternama. Jika begini, maka niat Anda untuk berhemat tentu akan sulit untuk direalisasikan, bukan? Beli Minyak Goreng Dengan Harga Distributor di Ralali Saat ini, Anda bisa mempermudah pekerjaan belanja bulanan Anda dengan cara belanja online. Berbagai barang bisa Anda temukan dengan mudah, bahkan untuk berbagai kebutuhan dapur seperti minyak goreng sekalipun.

Bukan hanya mudah, namun kegiatan ini juga akan menghemat banyak uang Anda. Anda bisa menemukan harga terbaik untuk semua kebutuhan Anda, sebab Anda leluasa dalam mencari dan menemukannya secara online. Anda bisa membandingkan harga yang ditawarkan oleh satu toko dengan toko online lainnya, sebelum akhirnya memutuskan untuk membeli.

Di Ralali.com ada banyak distributor minyak goreng kemasan maupun derijen dengan harga grosir, sehingga Anda tidak akan kesulitan untuk menemukan salah satu ditributor dengan penawaran harga terbaik di pasaran. Tidak hanya satu saja, namun disini Anda bisa menemukan banyak distributor minyak goreng sekaligus yang menyediakan produk minyak goreng terbaik dari berbagai merek seperti minyak goreng tropical, fortune, sania, sunco, bimoli, filma, hemart, rose brand dan berbagai merek lainnya.

Anda hanya perlu mengunjungi Ralali dan bisa menemukan berbagai kebutuhan belanja bulanan Anda di sana. Grosir Minyak Goreng di Ralali Harga yang ditawarkan tentu akan jauh lebih murah dan hemat, mengingat Anda akan langsung mendapatkan harga grosir dari penjualnya.

Berapapun jumlah kebutuhan Anda setiap bulannya, akan jauh lebih hemat jika Anda beli grosir minyak goreng di Ralali, sebab Ralali adalah distributor minyak goreng terbaik dengan penawaran harga yang paling murah di pasaran. Daftar Harga Minyak Goreng Populer di Ralali Daftar Minyak Goreng Harga Minyak Goreng Resto 200ml Rp 2.300 FORTUNE Minyak Goreng 1L Bantal Rp 10.200 TROPICAL Minyak Goreng 1L/Botol Rp 11.100 ROSE BRAND Minyak Goreng Pouch 1Ltr Rp 11.235 TROPICAL Minyak Goreng 2L/Pouch Rp 22.100 ROSE BRAND Minyak Goreng 220ml 1Karton Isi 48Cup Rp 124.950 TROPICAL Minyak Goreng Pouch 2L 1Dus Isi 6pcs Rp 150.000 FILMA Minyak Goreng Sawit 2L 1Dus Isi 6pcs Rp 155.000 BIMOLI Minyak Goreng Pouch 1L 1Dus Isi 12pcs Rp 155.000 SANIA Minyak Goreng 2L 1Karton Isi 6pch Rp 166.950 Selain bisa digunakan untuk rumah sendiri, keuntungan membeli grosir di Ralali cocok untuk pemilik resto ataupun Anda juga dapat berbisnis jual minyak goreng.

Dimanapun lokasi Anda di Indonesia baik tinggal di tangerang, jakarta, bekasi, bandung, surabaya, madiun, semarang, malang, lampung ataupun daerah lainnya di Indonesia, Harga vitamin d siap mengirimkannya ke tempat Anda dengan Aman. Minyak Goreng 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Sania 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Fortune 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Sunco 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Tropical 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Bimoli 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Barco 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Gurih 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Rose Brand 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Filma 1 Liter Minyak Goreng 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Sania 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Harga vitamin d 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Sunco 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Tropical 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Bimoli 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Inad 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Gurih 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Rose Brand 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Filma 2 Liter <% (v.vendor.retail_price > 0) && (v.vendor.retail_discount <= 0) ?

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' - Rp ' + (v.vendor.price_end - rupiah) : '' %> <% (v.vendor.retail_price <= 0) ? ('itemList.NEGOTIABLE' - translate) harga vitamin d '' %> Per <% v.vendor.unit_type %> Minyak Goreng Sebagai Kebutuhan Pokok Minyak goreng merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok rumah tangga, karena itu penting sekali untuk selalu menyiapkan minyak goreng pada dapur Anda.

Memenuhi semua kebutuhan dapur dengan baik tentu akan menjadi poin penting bagi Anda, terutama Anda yang berstatus sebagai ibu rumah tangga. Dapur yang lengkap dan memiliki berbagai bahan makanan yang memadai, akan mempermudah Anda dalam menyiapkan berbagai menu istimewa setiap harinya, sehingga asupan gizi yang baik bagi semua anggota keluarga akan lebih terjamin dan bisa dipenuhi dengan baik.

Hal ini tentu menjadi perhatian khusus bagi Anda, apalagi jika selama ini Anda memang terbiasa menyiapkan sendiri makanan bagi semua anggota keluarga di rumah. Belanja bulanan pasti menjadi agenda wajib bagi Anda, mengingat ada banyak kebutuhan rumah tangga yang harus Anda beli. Akan lebih tepat jika kegiatan belanja ini dilakukan secara cerdas, agar semua kebutuhan bisa terpenuhi dengan baik.

Hal ini akan melibatkan sejumlah besar uang Anda, sehingga penting bagi Anda untuk memiliki cara yang tepat untuk menghematnya. Rencanakan kegiatan belanja bulanan Anda, sehingga kegiatan ini bisa berjalan dengan baik dan semua kebutuhan dapur bisa terbeli. Catat semua kebutuhan bulanan, agar tidak ada barang yang ketinggalan. Catatan ini juga akan membantu Anda untuk memiliki kontrol yang baik ketika berbelanja, terutama jika Anda kerap kebablasan dan membeli berbagai barang yang tidak begitu dibutuhkan.

Harga Minyak Goreng Terbaik di Pasaran Sebagai kebutuhan pokok yang sangat penting, minyak goreng adalah salah satu yang wajib ada dalam list ketika kita ingin belanja kebutuhan rumah tangga. Karena hampir semua olahan lauk dan sayuran akan membutuhkan minyak goreng dan Anda akan membutuhkannya dalam jumlah cukup banyak setiap bulannya.

Sangat penting bagi Anda untuk menemukan harga minyak goreng murah di pasaran, agar uang belanja bulanan Anda bisa dihemat. Membeli minyak goreng di supermarket bisa saja bukan pilihan yang tepat, sebab tempat ini biasanya akan menerapkan harga yang cukup tinggi, terutama untuk beberapa merek ternama. Jika begini, maka niat Anda untuk berhemat tentu akan sulit untuk direalisasikan, bukan? Beli Minyak Goreng Dengan Harga Distributor di Ralali Saat ini, Anda bisa harga vitamin d pekerjaan belanja bulanan Anda dengan cara belanja online.

Berbagai barang bisa Anda temukan dengan mudah, bahkan untuk berbagai kebutuhan dapur seperti minyak goreng sekalipun. Bukan hanya mudah, namun kegiatan ini juga akan menghemat banyak uang Harga vitamin d. Anda bisa menemukan harga terbaik untuk semua kebutuhan Anda, sebab Anda leluasa dalam mencari dan menemukannya secara online. Anda bisa membandingkan harga yang ditawarkan oleh satu toko dengan toko online lainnya, sebelum akhirnya memutuskan untuk membeli.

Tidak hanya satu saja, namun disini Anda bisa menemukan banyak distributor minyak goreng sekaligus yang menyediakan produk minyak goreng terbaik dari berbagai merek seperti minyak goreng tropical, fortune, sania, sunco, bimoli, filma, hemart, rose brand dan berbagai merek lainnya. Anda hanya perlu mengunjungi Ralali dan bisa menemukan berbagai kebutuhan belanja bulanan Anda di sana.

Grosir Minyak Goreng di Ralali Harga yang ditawarkan tentu akan jauh lebih murah dan hemat, mengingat Anda akan langsung mendapatkan harga grosir dari penjualnya. Berapapun jumlah kebutuhan Anda setiap bulannya, akan jauh lebih hemat jika Anda beli grosir minyak goreng di Ralali, sebab Ralali adalah distributor minyak goreng terbaik dengan penawaran harga yang paling murah di pasaran. Daftar Harga Minyak Goreng Populer di Ralali Daftar Minyak Goreng Harga Minyak Goreng Resto 200ml Rp 2.300 FORTUNE Minyak Goreng 1L Bantal Rp 10.200 TROPICAL Minyak Goreng 1L/Botol Rp 11.100 ROSE BRAND Minyak Goreng Pouch 1Ltr Rp 11.235 TROPICAL Minyak Goreng 2L/Pouch Rp 22.100 ROSE BRAND Minyak Goreng 220ml 1Karton Isi 48Cup Rp 124.950 TROPICAL Minyak Goreng Pouch 2L 1Dus Isi 6pcs Rp 150.000 FILMA Minyak Goreng Sawit 2L 1Dus Isi 6pcs Rp 155.000 BIMOLI Minyak Goreng Pouch 1L 1Dus Isi 12pcs Rp 155.000 SANIA Minyak Goreng 2L 1Karton Isi 6pch Rp 166.950 Selain bisa digunakan untuk rumah sendiri, keuntungan membeli grosir di Ralali cocok untuk pemilik resto ataupun Anda juga dapat berbisnis jual minyak goreng.

Hal tersebut karena penjual yang ada di Ralali adalah distributor minyak goreng, sehingga harga yang Anda dapatkanpun jauh lebih murah di pasaran. dan Semakin banyak Anda membeli akan semakin murah harga minyak goreng yang Anda dapatkan. Bagi Anda harga vitamin d tinggal di daerah tidak perlu khawatir belanja minyak grosir di Ralali. Dimanapun lokasi Anda di Indonesia baik tinggal di tangerang, jakarta, bekasi, bandung, surabaya, madiun, semarang, malang, lampung ataupun daerah lainnya di Indonesia, Ralali siap mengirimkannya ke tempat Anda dengan Aman.

Minyak Goreng 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Sania 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Fortune 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Sunco 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Tropical 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Bimoli 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Barco 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Gurih 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Rose Brand 1 Liter Minyak Goreng Filma 1 Liter Minyak Goreng 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Sania 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Fortune 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Sunco 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Tropical 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Bimoli 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Inad 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Gurih 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Rose Brand 2 Liter Minyak Goreng Filma 2 Liter Ralali.com adalah Online B2B Marketplace yang memberikan kemudahan proses transaksi jual-beli melalui teknologi dan fitur yang dapat membantu Seller dan Buyer melakukan proses bisnis lebih mudah, aman, dan transparan.

Ralali menghubungkan pembeli, baik korporat maupun individu, dalam menemukan ribuan produk untuk kebutuhan bisnis dan perusahaan dari ratusan supplier ternama dan terpercaya. About this item • Immune Support; Solgar Vitamin C 1000 mg helps support a healthy immune system; It harga vitamin d plays an essential role in the functioning of white blood cells which are vital components of the immune system • Powerful Antioxidant And Energy Booster; Vitamin C helps fight free radicals, which can lead to oxidative stress and the premature aging of cells harga vitamin d Healthy Skin And Joints; One of the primary functions of Vitamin C is collagen formation, which is important for healthy skin and joints • Non GMO And Gluten Free; Solgar Vitamin C 1000 mg Vegetable Capsules are suitable for vegans; Free of: gluten, wheat, dairy, soy, yeast, sugar, sodium, artificial flavor and sweetener • The Gold Standard: For over 70 years Solgar has been committed to quality, health, and well-being.

Our mission is to create the finest nutritional supplements in small batches, through tireless research, using only the finest raw materials • Trademarks:Solgarâ€™s KOF-K certification K-1250 These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.

This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. "Recyclable Amber Glass" - Based on H&H Glass Inc. (Hwa Hsia Glass U.S.A.) Claims Summary 9/14/2020: Solgar Amber Glass Bottles are made from 50% cullet (broken or refuse glass) and can be recycled • Is Discontinued By Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ No • Product Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 3.17 x 3.17 harga vitamin d 5.75 inches; 1.31 Pounds • Item model number ‏ : ‎ 30254 • Department ‏ : ‎ Vitamins and Minerals • Batteries ‏ : ‎ 1 A batteries required.

• Date First Available ‏ : ‎ July 5, 2004 • Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ NPG Solgar • ASIN ‏ : ‎ B00014D1QU • Best Sellers Rank: #3,252 in Health & Household ( See Top 100 in Health & Household) • #28 in Vitamin C Supplements • #350 in Diet & Sports Nutrition • Customer Reviews: Safety Information If you are pregnant, nursing, taking any medication or have a medical condition, please consult your healthcare practitioner before taking any dietary supplement.

Keep out of reach of children. Store in a cool, harga vitamin d place. Do not use if outer bottle seal is missing, torn or damaged in any way. Legal Disclaimer harga vitamin d statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition.

Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we donâ€™t use a simple average. Instead, our system considers things like harga vitamin d recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness.

Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon Amazon Customer 1.0 out of 5 harga vitamin d Defective, Vit C capsule powder, never dissolved in water, seen in photo Reviewed in the United States on June 9, 2021 Defective - Solgar, usually a great product, but the 2 current large jars of Vitamin C, oddly both jars of Vitamin C capsules, when poured the Vit C capsule powder into glass cup & added only, the powder never dissolved in water; even after 48 hours.

Angel Girl 1.0 out of 5 stars Defective, Vit C capsule powder, never dissolved in water, seen in photo Reviewed in the United States on June 9, 2021 Defective - Solgar, usually a great product, but the 2 current large jars of Vitamin C, oddly both jars of Vitamin C capsules, when poured the Vit C capsule powder into glass cup & added only, the powder never dissolved in water; even after 48 hours.

I suffer from a large number of health problems including severe allergies to almost everything it seems like. I also have a really bad immune system so fighting off infections and illnesses is really tough for me.

My significant other works in a hospital and is always around germs, he also has a bad immune system. In our household Vitamin C is a necessity. We always have plenty of it on hand all throughout the harga vitamin d.

We have tried many brands of Vitamin C supplements over the years, but Solgar Vitamin C is our absolute favorite among those that we've tried.

Solgar Vitamin C capsules each contain 1,000 milligrams of Vitamin C and can be taken up to two times a day. When it comes to Vitamin C, 2,000 milligrams is the absolute maximum amount that you want to take in an average day.

There are 250 capsules in the glass bottle. For someone like myself who is allergic to almost everything under the sun, Solgar Vitamin C capsules are free of all of the things I might possibly have an allergic reaction to.

Solgar Vitamin C is free of: Gluten, What, Dairy, Soy, Yeast, Sugar, and Sodium. Solgar Vitamin C capsules do not contain artificial flavors, sweeteners, colors, or preservatives.

Solgar Vitamin C capsules are also Vegan, Kosher, Water Soluble, and Non-GMO. Non-GMO is very important to our household due to my severe allergies. Ingredients: Serving size 1 capsule. Servings per bottle 250. Vitamin C (as L-ascorbic acid) 1,000 milligrams; Vegetable Cellulose; and Vegetable Magnesium Stearate. Solgar Vitamin C capsules are recommended for adults only. The dose is 1-2 capsules daily at mealtime. My doctor specifically instructed me to take my Vitamin C supplement after breakfast and after dinner so that a constant amount of Vitamin C remains in my system.

Our household uses Solgar Vitamin C capsules for a number of different harga vitamin d. During cold and flu season both myself and my significant other take harga vitamin d milligrams daily as an immune system boost.

That's not to say we never get sick, but when we do it's usually milder than it would have been otherwise. When the pandemic started we both started taking 2,000 milligrams of Vitamin C daily to help boost our immune systems. Even with the immune system boost, I still managed to get Covid-19 twice and my significant other has managed to avoid it all together. My significant other has started taking 2,000 milligrams of Vitamin C daily at his doctor's direction. His doctor stressed that at his age (65 almost 66 years old) he can use all of the help he can to preserve the collagen in his body.

He had a knee replacement surgery in 2015 and can't afford collagen loss. Due to eating at a fast food place that had bad meat, I ended up getting pinworms. I had a really hard time getting rid of them, even the pyrantel for pinworms didn't completely eliminate them. My doctor had me take high doses of Vitamin C daily and it killed off the pinworms in my system. Solgar makes their supplements in harga vitamin d batches and has been for over 70 years.

Their supplements are more expensive than other brands, but they are one of the purest and cleanest supplement brands on the market.

Yes Solgar Vitamin C is more expensive, but we feel like it's worth the price. Some brands of Vitamin C capsules go right through your system and you can find them in the toilet in their original form. I have not had this problem with Solgar Vitamin C capsules so I assume they are breaking down in my system correctly which is likely due to the vegetable based capsule.

Solgar Vitamin C capsules come in glass bottle that is amber in color. I like to think that the bottle's color helps protect the capsules from light which could break them down overtime. The glass bottle is recyclable and made from 50% broken or trashed glass. Vitamin C is always best if you can get harga vitamin d from the foods that you eat.

Due to my allergies to almost everything I do not have a very healthy diet I take Vitamin C supplements. Vitamin C can be found in citrus fruit, peppers, strawberries, black currants, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and potatoes. Be sure to talk to your doctor before you start taking Solgar Vitamin C capsules. Many doctors will recommend eating a harga vitamin d that is high in fruits and vegetables containing Vitamin C rather than taking a Vitamin C supplement. Fresh squeezed orange juice is the best way to get your daily dose of Vitamin C.

Experts suggest that taking 1,000 milligrams of Vitamin C daily while sick with Covid-19 can lessen the severity and duration of the illness. Unfortunately I did not find this to be the case and the second case of Covid-19 I got was very severe despite taking Vitamin C daily. Experts and doctors all have different opinions on conditions that Vitamin C can treat.

Vitamin C may be effective for treating scurvy, anemia, low red blood cell levels, irregular heartbeat, common cold, arm and leg injuries, airway infections, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, lead poisoning, and skin wrinkles.

You should always check with your doctor before taking Vitamin C for any of the conditions listed above. Your doctor will decide if a Vitamin C supplement is right for you, how much you should take, how often you should take it, and how long you should take it for.

Side effects that can occur while taking Vitamin C supplements are: nausea, vomiting, heartburn, stomach cramps, headaches, diarrhea, and kidney stones. I suffer from Fibromyalgia and have a hard time breaking down a lot of vitamins and minerals.

Vitamin C is harga vitamin d of those vitamins I have a hard time breaking down. Because of this I suffer from chronic kidney stones regardless of which brand of Vitamin C supplements that I use. Kidney stones are very painful. Vitamin C is safe for pregnant women and women who are breast feeding.

For women over 19 years of age, the maximum daily dose is 2,000 milligrams. For women 14-18 years of age the maximum daily dose is 1,800 milligrams. Exceeding these limits can cause problems for the newborn baby. Vitamin C should be taken in small amounts by children.

Children 1-3 years of age should not exceed 400 milligrams daily. Children 4-8 years of age should not exceed 650 milligrams daily. Children 9-13 years of age should not exceed 1,200 milligrams daily.

Children 14-18 should not exceed 1,800 milligrams daily. People who consume alcohol on a regular basis might need to take a Vitamin C supplement because the body excretes Vitamin C in urine. That is the reason that many alcoholics have a Vitamin C deficiency. Smoking lowers Vitamin C levels so smokers or chewing tobacco users should take a supplement.

A Vitamin C deficiency can also lead to kidney disease and increase the amount of oxalate in the urine which can cause kidney failure in people with kidney disease. If you suffer from heartburn like I do (I have GERD and Esophagitis) you have to be careful what antacids you take.

While taking Vitamin C supplements you need to avoid antacids that contain Aluminum. Harga vitamin d Vitamin C 2 hours before or 4 hours after antacids containing Aluminum. Medications that may interfere with Vitamin C: Estrogens, Fluphenazine, Prolixin, Protease Inhibitors for HIV/AIDS, Chemotherapy, Statins, Atorvastatin, Lipitor, Fluvastatin, Lescol, Lovastatin, Mevacor, Pravastatin, Pravachol, Niacin, Warfarin, Coumadin, Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate, Trilisate, Nicardipine, Cardene, Nifedipine, Salsalate, and Disalcid.

One thing that I wish I would have known about before I started taking Vitamin C is the fact that Vitamin C slows down the absorption of Acetaminophen in the body. I noticed my pain did not decrease after taking Acetaminophen regularly and then I felt drugged later. Turns out too much was still in my system that had not yet broken down due harga vitamin d the Vitamin C I was taking.

A similar thing occurs when you take Aspirin with Vitamin C. The ability to break down Aspirin is decreased while taking Vitamin C. This causes you to have more side effects and to feel the need to take Aspirin more frequently.

It's important to note that Solgar Vitamin C capsules contain way more than the daily recommended dose of Vitamin C. The recommended doses are: 90 milligrams-Men; 75 milligrams-Women. 115 milligrams for Pregnant and Lactating Mothers under 18 and 120 milligrams for mothers 19-50 years old.

Tobacco users should take an additional 35 milligrams of Vitamin C per day. Adolescents, Pregnant Women, and Lactating Women 14-18 shouldn't exceed 1,800 milligrams a day. Adults, Pregnant, and Lactating Women over 18 shouldn't exceed 2,000 milligrams a day. Vitamin C recommended dosing for children: 0-12 Months: 30-35 milligrams daily. 1-3 years: 15 milligrams daily. 4-8 years 25 milligrams daily.

9-13 years: 45 milligrams daily. 14-18 years boys 75 milligrams daily. 14-18 years harga vitamin d 65 milligrams daily. At the end of the day there are a lot of Vitamin C supplements on the market. I tried many different ones for years to find the right supplement for me. Our household loves Solgar Vitamin C. Note I am not a doctor so make sure to follow your doctor's advice for taking Vitamin C or any supplement.

Oh man ive been suffering for chronic tonsilitis harga vitamin d long time and my tonsil always swollen. Oh boy this rly boosted my immune system. No more tonsilitis and my throat feels much comfortable now. But remember before you say it doesn't work, question yourself. Did you really take this every day for at least, at least 2 to 3 months. This isnt cure. You just have to be consistant In the past, these came compounded as hard capsules, now, soft capsules with powder in them, at least this batch.

Thanks for storing in a dark glass amber colored bottle. Keep away from sun light and in a dool dark place. Will reorder. Fun fact, Vit C since childhood protects against gingivitis which is technically scurvy of the mouth. So if your teeth bleed when you brush?

You're deficient in vit C (most of the time) gingivitis is reversible before it becomes periodontitis which leads to root canals.

I love Solgar vitamins for the most part. Thanks seller. I had made the mistake of purchasing another brand with the same mg.

But they were the caplets with very little coating. Every time they would get stuck and gag me. These are capsules, a bit larger, but so much easier to swallow. The capsule becomes nice slippery and harga vitamin d right down.

I can usually take it with my other capsule supplements with no problem. Glad I just bit the bullet and bought these instead of opening my daily keeper and looking at the â€œevil Câ€ with a my furled lip knowing we were going to war three times that day.

They are now harga vitamin d to my back up warriors. Must keep up the fight with all weaponry of antioxidants C, D3 and Zinc as well as my normal magnesium and B2 for the nerve function from nerve damage caused during a surgical procedure. All part of my tools in my pain management tool box! As usual, Solgar made a superior product with this Vitamin C Capsule. I found that I harga vitamin d getting a painful red condition in my mouth that closely resembled an infection I get in my mouth when I must use a cortisone inhaler for my asthma.

The skin around my mouth was cracking and my whole mouth was red and painful. I knew it wasn't an infection, so I put 1 + 1 together and came up with a Vitamin C deficiency. I got these capsules sooner than the promised 2 day delivery, and took 2,000 mg that afternoon. The next morning, the redness, soreness, and cracking of my oral tissues was G-O-N-E.

I did have a Vitamin C deficiency! I also noticed, after a couple of weeks, that my fingernails were improving dramatically in that they weren't ripping and breaking as they had been doing previously. Now my mouth is free of any of the symptoms I had, and my fingernails are on their way to a full recovery.

By my doctor's suggestion, and because of a very strict diet which I must follow that does not allow me fresh fruits or vegetables, I bumped up the dosage to 3,000 mg/day and I'm seeing an even greater improvement. First, this product is as pure as they come. I've been using Solgar for many years. Secondly, they must be kosher, which most Solgar products are, so that's another big plus for me.

This is a great product, pure, easy to swallow (and I have trouble swallowing pills and capsules), and kosher. It might not make a great present for someone, but it sure is a great gift that I'm giving myself. I always take Solgar and if I feel the slightest twinge in my throat of pain or scratching I opt to up my does to 2 or 3 x 1000mg and have seen myself take as many as 5000mg having been told by harga vitamin d Nature path guru that anything the body doesn't require it will pass in ones urine.

They have always worked for me and helped me combat many ailments from colds and flu. With the body unable to make Vitamin C and there not being much content in the fruit and veg within most stores unless of course your buying organic these are a great comfort in taking one each and every day of my entire life. I have passed this knowledge on to many and they do the same now. Vitamin C is one of many vitamins that people just don't get enough of!

I'm starting to really investigate vitamins and finding that I really should be taking a lot more, including this one! I certainly feel better since I started improving my eating habits, walking more and taking these and other vitamins, and I'm confident that I'll see more benefits in the future. Vitamin C in particular has had many attributed benefits from banishing colds right up to some claims that it can cure serious diseases in sufficient quantities!

Quite a claim, and one I hope never to need to test, but I've been taking Solgar Vitamin C for over a year harga vitamin d and it has definitely contributed strongly to a healthier, stronger me.

Recommended. Essential for good health, prevents colds and flu and good for my glaucoma. One of these capsules lasts a few hours, depending on the severity of problem. Particularly useful when unable to eat oranges and immediately clean teeth of the citric acid, or when travelling. One a day is sufficient for most, but increase the dosage to suit the problem - for my glaucoma, one capsule three or four times a day is fine.

Also ensure you are receiving sufficient quantities of all other necessary vitamins and minerals, otherwise some may not be able to work properly.

With vitamin C taking too much (at one time) may cause your body to have a complete flush from top to bottom, which may require repeated visits to the loo, but is nothing to worry about, and is simply retained water from the body being used to flush the system.

An excellent form of the vitamin C (capsule) so it is swallowed down without affecting teeth, and at the perfect dosage (1 gram) for either regular usage harga vitamin d monitored high level intake. Fantastic, and it does the job admirably!

Thoroughly recommended for everyone, Disclaimer: While we work to ensure that product information is correct, on occasion manufacturers may alter their ingredient lists. Actual product packaging and materials may contain more and/or different information than that shown on our Web site.

We recommend that you do not solely rely on the information presented and that you always read labels, warnings, and directions before using or consuming a product. For additional information about a product, please contact the manufacturer. Content on this site is for reference purposes and is not intended to substitute harga vitamin d advice given by a physician, pharmacist, or other licensed health-care professional.

You should not use this information as self-diagnosis or for treating a health problem or disease. Contact your health-care provider immediately if you suspect that you have a medical problem. Information and statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition.

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ConsumerLab explains six red flags to look out harga vitamin d on labels when choosing and buying vitamins or supplements, including claims of "FDA Approved" laboratories, what to look for in the ingredient list, and more. What is the best sunscreen based on safety and efficacy? Two different carcinogens, benzene and benzophenone have been found in popular sunscreens. These cancer-causing compounds are not listed on labels.

Get the details and find out which sunscreens have been found to contain benzene and benzophenone. Which deodorants and antiperspirants are contaminated with benzene and which are not? Benzene, a carcinogen, has been detected in over 40 spray deodorants, antiperspirants, and body sprays. Tests harga vitamin d conducted on brands including Axe, Bath & Body Works, Brut, Degree, Dove, Gold Bond, Right Guard, Secret, Speed Stick, Suave, Old Spice, Victoria's Secret and others.

Find out which products contained benzene, and how much they contained. 6 Red Flags to Watch Out For When Buying Vitamins & Supplements When it comes to buying vitamins and supplements, it's buyer beware. ConsumerLab explains six red flags to look out for on labels when choosing and buying vitamins or supplements, including claims of "FDA Approved" laboratories, what to look for in the ingredient list, and more. What is the best sunscreen based on safety and efficacy?

Two different carcinogens, benzene and benzophenone have been found in popular sunscreens. These cancer-causing compounds are not listed on labels. Get the details and find out which sunscreens have been found to contain benzene harga vitamin d benzophenone. Which deodorants and antiperspirants are contaminated with benzene and which are not? Benzene, a carcinogen, has been detected in over 40 spray deodorants, antiperspirants, and body sprays.

Tests were conducted on brands including Axe, Bath & Body Works, Brut, Degree, Dove, Gold Bond, Right Guard, Secret, Speed Stick, Suave, Old Spice, Victoria's Secret and others. Find out which products contained benzene, and how much they contained. Recalls & Warnings • 05/05/2022 Seller of CBD Tinctures, Creams & Pet Products Promoted for Pain, Cancer & More Warned by FDA • 04/27/2022 Prescription Drugs Found in Arthritis, Muscle Pain, and Osteoporosis Supplements • 04/27/2022 FDA Tests Find Imported Hand Sanitizer Contains Less Active Ingredient Than Claimed • 04/27/2022 FDA Warns Manufacturer of Topical Antiseptic Products for COVID Claims • 04/25/2022 Some OTC Skin Lighteners Contain Potentially Harmful Ingredient, Warns FDA All Recalls Recalls & Warnings • 05/05/2022 Seller of CBD Tinctures, Creams & Pet Products Promoted for Pain, Cancer & More Warned by FDA • 04/27/2022 Prescription Drugs Found in Arthritis, Muscle Pain, and Osteoporosis Supplements • 04/27/2022 FDA Tests Find Imported Hand Sanitizer Contains Less Active Ingredient Than Claimed • 04/27/2022 FDA Warns Manufacturer of Topical Antiseptic Products for COVID Claims • 04/25/2022 Some OTC Skin Lighteners Contain Potentially Harmful Ingredient, Warns FDA All Recalls About this item • Vitamin C, Zinc and Vitamin D Provide Immune Support along with Vitamin E • Packaging may vary - New look, with the same trusted Quality • High Calorie Weight Gainer: 1,250 Calories per 2-Scoop Serving • 50 Grams of Protein per Serving.

Over 250 Grams of Carbohydrates per Serving • Over 250 Grams of Carbohydrates per Serving • 25 Vitamins and Minerals Plus Creatine and Glutamine • Using an Electric Blender to Add Fresh or Frozen Fruits, Peanut Butter, Nuts and Other Calorie Dense Foods to Boost Your Weight Gain Potential Calories That Count Serious weight gain goals require serious calories.

Unfortunately, those who need the extra calories harga vitamin d often have a hard time consuming enough of them. For many aspiring to be bigger, a highly- active metabolism, weaker appetite and on-the-run lifestyle can make it a real challenge to get enough calories from food.

With 1,250 calories and 50 grams of protein per serving, youâ€™ve got lots to gain from ONâ€™s Serious Mass. Get serious about your sizable ambitions with Serious Mass. Supercharge Your Serious Mass Using an electric blender, you can add nuts, fresh or frozen fruits and harga vitamin d calorie-contributing ingredient to enhance the weight gain and muscle recovery potential of Serious Mass.

With less than 5 grams of fat per serving, Serious Mass is the weight gain formula packed with calories that count during recovery. The Gold Standard For Protein Quality Optimum Nutrition has been trusted to provide the highest quality in post-workout recovery for over 30 years and in 90+countries.

After careful supplier selection, each ingredient is tested to assure exceptional purity, potency and composition. We hold ourselves to the highest production standards, all so you can unlock your body's full potential. Optimum Nutrition Serious Mass Serious Mass is the ultimate in weight gain formulas.

With 1,250 calories per serving and 50 grams of protein for muscle recovery support, this instantized powder makes the ideal post-workout and between meals shake for sizing up your goals. Serious Mass provides you with the tools you need to pack on the pounds and help you develop the physique youâ€™ve always wanted. Serious Mass Weight Gainer Protein Powder, Chocolate, 6 Pound Gold Standard 100% Whey Protein Powder, Vanilla Ice Cream, 5 Pound ESSENTIAL AMINO ENERGY, Fruit Fusion, Keto Friendly Preworkout, 20.64 Ounce GOLD STANDARD 100% Micellar Casein Protein Powder, Chocolate Supreme, 4 Pound Amino Energy Sparkling RTD, Blueberry Lemonade, 12 Count Over 252 Grams of Carbohydrates per Serving 3-4G CARBS 1G OF CARBS 3-4G CARBS 1G of CARBS 50G of Protein per Serving 24G of 100% Whey Protein per Serving 100 MG of Caffeine per Serving 24G of Slowly Digesting Protein per Serving 100 MG of Caffeine per Serving What 1,250 Calories & 50 Grams of Protein Helps Reach Serious Weight Gain Goals Help Build Muscle & Increase Strength Supports Performance by Offering Energy, Focus and Recovery Slower Digesting Protein Supports Endurance & Active Harga vitamin d When Between Meals, After Weight Training & Before Bed First Thing in the Morning, Before or After Exercise Any Time Energy is Needed Throughout the Day Between Meals or Before Bed Any Time Energy is Needed Throughout the Day Why Weight Gain Formula Harga vitamin d with Calories that Count During Recovery Whey Protein can help Improve Results from Regular Exercise Supports Muscle Recovery and Endurance Muscle Rebuilding and Satiety Helps Replace Electrolytes Lost in Sweat During Exercise Product Description Serious Mass is the ultimate in weight gain formulas.

Brand Story By Optimum Nutrition • Is Discontinued By Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ Yes • Product Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 7.83 x 7.87 x 10.27 inches; 6 Pounds • Item model number ‏ : ‎ 1101537 • Department ‏ : ‎ Unisex-adult • Date First Available ‏ : ‎ December 30, 2003 • Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ Glanbia Performance Nutrition • ASIN ‏ : ‎ B0015R36SK • Best Sellers Rank: #173 in Health & Household harga vitamin d See Top 100 in Health & Household) • #1 in Sports Nutrition Weight Gainers • #61 in Sales & Deals • Customer Reviews: Harga vitamin d Information Do not take this product if you are pregnant or nursing a baby.

Check with a qualified healthcare professional before using this product if you are under 18 years of age or if you have any known or suspected medical condition(s) including diabetes or hypoglycemia, and/or if you are taking any prescription of OTC harga vitamin d. Ingredients Maltodextrin, Proprietary Protein Blend (Whey Protein Concentrate, Calcium Caseinate, Sweet Dairy Whey, Egg Albumen), Cocoa, Natural & Artificial Flavor, Vitamin/Mineral Blend (Di-potassium Phosphate, Magnesium Aspartate, Di-calcium Phosphate, D-calcium Pantothenate, Calcium Citrate, Manganese Amino Acids Chelate, Zinc Citrate, Ascorbic Acid, Niacinamide, Biotin, D-alpha Tocopheryl Succinate, Beta Carotene, Selenomethionine, Ferrous Fumarate, Molybdenum Amino Acid Chelate, Copper Gluconate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Thiamin Mononitrate, Riboflavin, Folic Acid, Chromium Polynicotinate, Cyanocobalamin, Cholecalciferol), Acesulfame Potassium, Mct Powder, Cellulose Gum.

Directions Add two heaping scoops of Serious Mass to a blender filled with 24 oz of water. Blend for 45-60 seconds. Then add a few ice cubes and, if desired, other calories-contributing ingredients and blend for an additional 30-45 seconds. Tips: Mixing two scoops with 24 fl oz of nonfat or low fat milk instead of water will give you a thicker, creamier, higher-calorie shake. New users may find it beneficial to begin with 1/2 of a serving daily for the first week and then gradually increase to 1 or .

Legal Disclaimer * These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. ** Always refer to the manufacturer's label on the product for description, recommended dose and precautions.

Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition. Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we donâ€™t use a simple average. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon.

It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness. Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon In 5 weeks I went from 103lbs to 115lbs (I'm 5'1) all I have been doing is weight training and making sure I'm eating in a surplus and drinking my protien shakes post workout. I will say it was making me super bloated so I cut it to just 1 scoop I add half a harga vitamin d, 1 scoop of peanut butter, and a splash of vanilla almond milk.

The taste is absolutely amazing. Will be buying more. inthavong 5.0 out of 5 stars Good for the gains! Reviewed in the United States on August 29, 2019 In 5 weeks I went from 103lbs to 115lbs (I'm 5'1) all I have been doing is weight training and making sure I'm eating in a surplus and drinking my protien shakes post workout.

I will say it was making me super bloated so I cut it to just 1 scoop I add half a banana, 1 scoop of peanut butter, and a splash of vanilla almond milk. The taste is absolutely amazing. Will be buying more. The first ingredient of ON's Serious Mass Gainer is Maltodextrin, which is a high-glycemic-index (digests quickly rather than slowly) sugar polymer.

The FDA does not require companies to label Maltodextrin as sugar since it is a polymer, but once it enters the body it behaves just like table sugar and will increase your blood glucose levels quickly compared to low Glycemic Index foods. Because its technically not a monosaccharide (its a polysaccharide, but still sugar polymer nonetheless) the supplement companies are able to get away with not listing it as a sugar, and instead put it down as carbohydrates.

Allow me to break down just how dangerous it is. The ingredients on the nutrition facts label are listed in order by volume, so the first ingredient is always the most prevalent. Maltodextrin is the first ingredient in this product so the majority of those 336 grams per serving is maltodextrin. The label states there are 20 grams of sugar, which as I mentioned is not maltodextrin. So that means the remaining 233 grams are a majority of Maltodextrin (the only other carbs on the ingredients list are Lecithin and sucralose).

So its safe to say that, of those 336 grams per serving, a maximum of 233 grams are straight up Maltodextrin. That's a maximum of 69% maltodextrin per serving. So what are the effects of consuming over 200 grams (almost 90% of the daily recommended intake) of sugar in addition to your daily diet?

When I took this product for the first 3 days I felt totally out of it. I passed out for the majority of the day and made no progress towards my fitness goals except for one workout. I would woke up with sweet tasting saliva in my mouth and at times I felt like I was foaming at the mouth.

On day 2, I developed an ulcer in conjunction with the sweet saliva that was the most painful and fastest onset of my life.

When you overwork your insulin production, or have a predisposition to diabetes, you put yourself at risk of developing actual diabetes, which is when your muscles and body develop insulin resistance. This causes your body to stop its regular response to sugar and instead lets the sugar circulate in your blood where it can cause sugar rushes/crashes, atherosclerosis, hyperglycemia, damaged kidney and artery function, and much more.

Trust me you do not want to take this product without consulting a doctor or better yet a nutritionist first. Please think twice before doing this product. I was able to find an alternative - IForce Nutrition Mass Gainz that is made from high quality whole foods.

I had a terrible 3 days of using this product, imagine what 5 bags of this stuff could do to your body if not done carefully.

I have a BS degree in Nutritional Science. Stephen 1.0 out of 5 stars Caused sweet saliva, ulcers, lowered mood - Buyers beware of Maltodextrin fillers Reviewed in the United States on October 3, 2020 The first ingredient of ON's Serious Mass Gainer is Maltodextrin, which is a high-glycemic-index (digests quickly rather than slowly) sugar polymer.

The FDA does not require companies to label Maltodextrin as sugar since it is a polymer, but once it enters the harga vitamin d it behaves just like table sugar and will increase your blood glucose levels quickly compared to low Glycemic Index foods. Because its technically not harga vitamin d monosaccharide (its a polysaccharide, but still sugar polymer nonetheless) the supplement companies are able to get away with not listing it as a sugar, and instead put it down as carbohydrates.

This is extremely misleading, and customers are unaware that they are consuming a cheap, inferior filler that is really sugar in disguise - But at least it tastes great right? I'm disappointed in Optimum Nutrition for pushing this product that is so dangerous to one's health. Allow me to break down just how dangerous it is. The ingredients on the nutrition facts label are listed in order by volume, so the first ingredient is always the most prevalent.

Maltodextrin is the first ingredient in this product so the majority of those 336 grams per serving is maltodextrin. The label states there are 20 grams of sugar, which as I mentioned is not maltodextrin. So that means the remaining 233 grams are a majority of Maltodextrin (the only other carbs on the ingredients list are Lecithin and sucralose). So its safe to say that, of those 336 grams per serving, a maximum of 233 grams are straight up Maltodextrin.

That's a maximum of 69% maltodextrin per serving. So what are the effects of consuming over 200 grams (almost 90% of the daily recommended intake) of sugar in addition to your daily diet? When I took this product for the first 3 days I felt totally out of it. I passed out for the majority of the day and made no progress towards my fitness goals harga vitamin d for one workout.

I would woke up with sweet tasting saliva in my mouth and at times I felt like I was foaming at the mouth. On day 2, I developed an ulcer in conjunction with the sweet saliva that was the most painful and fastest harga vitamin d of my life.

2 days after quitting this product the sweet saliva and ulcer are immediately gone. If you exceed your daily recommended intake of sugar regularly, your blood glucose elevates and forces the body to create insulin to process that sugar and store it as fat or allow it to be used by muscle. When you overwork your insulin production, or have a predisposition to diabetes, you put yourself at risk of developing actual diabetes, which is when your muscles and body develop insulin resistance.

This causes your body to stop its regular response to sugar and instead lets the sugar circulate in your blood where it can cause sugar rushes/crashes, atherosclerosis, hyperglycemia, damaged kidney and artery function, and much more. Trust me you do not want to take this product without consulting a doctor or better yet a nutritionist first. Please think twice before doing this product.

I was able to find an alternative - IForce Nutrition Mass Gainz that is made from high quality whole foods. I had a terrible 3 days of using this product, imagine what 5 bags of this stuff could do to your body if not done carefully. I have a BS degree in Nutritional Science. For a few years I have been in and out of the hospital with stomach issues. I spent 2 months in the hospital and was released in September 2020.

I prayed and found this product on Amazon and I take it everyday. I went from 105lbs. to 154lbs. in 3 months! I have tried so many other protein supplements and medications with no luck. It's just as hard to gain weight as it is to lose it. But this stuff really works! Thank you so much!!!!! Tyra O'Neal 5.0 out of 5 stars It REALLY Works!!!! Reviewed in the United States on February 16, 2021 For a few years I have been in and out of the hospital with stomach issues.

I spent 2 months in the hospital and was released in September 2020. I prayed and found this product on Amazon and I take it everyday. I went from 105lbs. to 154lbs. in 3 months! I have tried so many other protein supplements and medications with no luck. It's just as hard to gain weight as it is to lose it. But this stuff really works! Thank you so much!!!!! I did this as an experiment to see if this would work.

To my surprise it worked, but. I didn't use it harga vitamin d its full potentialðŸ˜¢. I'm a very skinny short(5'6)dude who just doesn't like to eat(I can't figure out why).

I barley ate around 1000- 2000 per day with the help of MyFitnessPal. I ended up with a minimum weight of 120.There were lots of things i did to ensure i could gain weight with Serious Mass. The "trick"that I used was applying 4-6 Tbs of peanut butter and 3-4 cups of milk(any if fine higher calorie milk is ovbously better) my total 90% of the time was 2300+ calories!!(100g of protein, 330g of harga vitamin d of fat). One mistake that i learned was trying to drink it all in one go;this either made me want to throw up everything or immediately pass out and take 3 hour long napsðŸ˜‚.

Another huge mistake about drinking this shake everyday was that my body couldn't eat real food. I was so full for the who day that food made me feel nauseas.

I changed the game a bit and decided to drink my "shake"(40+oz of liquid since i had to blend all of it) every 2-3 hours. This method really worked in the end. IN CONCLUSION(since this is taking too long) I've only gained about 12-15 pounds in one month. Im also sure 20%of my weight was on my stomach since it would make me look bloated due to harga vitamin d weak lactose tolerance.

P.S. I did work out heavily and i still do (i only have a barbell with 50lbs on it) I did upper and lower body workouts. I think I've gained those "newbie gains" hard. So im sure some of the weight is just normal muscle weight. Anyways hope this helps people 5 stars for sure!! Jonathan Davalos 5.0 out of 5 stars Read this if you want to learn about my experience.

Reviewed in the United States on July 8, 2018 I did this as an experiment to see if this would work. To my surprise it worked, but.

I didn't use it to its harga vitamin d potentialðŸ˜¢. I'm a very skinny short(5'6)dude who just doesn't like to eat(I can't figure out why). I harga vitamin d ate around 1000- 2000 per day with the help of MyFitnessPal. I ended up with a minimum weight of 120.There were lots of things i did to ensure i could gain weight with Serious Mass. The "trick"that I used was applying 4-6 Tbs of peanut butter and 3-4 cups of milk(any if fine higher calorie milk is ovbously better) my total 90% of the time was 2300+ calories!!(100g of protein, 330g of carbs,70g of fat).

One mistake that i learned was trying to drink it all in one go;this either made me want to throw up everything or immediately pass out and take 3 hour long napsðŸ˜‚. Another huge mistake about drinking this shake everyday was that my body couldn't eat real food. I was so full for the who day that food made me feel nauseas. I changed the game a bit and decided to drink my "shake"(40+oz of liquid since i had to blend all of it) every 2-3 hours.

This method really worked in the end. IN CONCLUSION(since this is taking too long) I've only gained about 12-15 pounds in one month. Im also sure 20%of my weight was on my stomach since it would make me look bloated harga vitamin d to my weak lactose tolerance.

P.S. I did work out heavily and i still do (i only have a barbell with 50lbs on it) I did upper and lower body workouts. I think I've gained those "newbie gains" hard. So im sure some of the weight is just normal muscle weight. Anyways hope this helps people 5 stars for sure!! Be careful when using this product. After one week, my liver enzymes were elevated extremely high and caused me to have mild fatty liver.

I would not recommend this product as my doctor informed me that the high levels of vitamins are not a healthy dose as well as the laundry list of other unhealthy ingredients in this product. Using this product can cause serious damage to your body. My daughter is high ADHD so has to take medicine during school. While the medicine helps her focus, it also suppresses her appetite and she has been losing weight, slow but sure.

She lost enough weight that her doctor said if it keeps up, she'd have to discontinue her medicine. (She's also VERY active in sports so it's doubly hard to harga vitamin d weight on.) Serious Mass to the rescue!

She still gets a regular diet, eats normal meals and snacks but this has helped her stop losing and actually gains a pound or 2 each time she gets a check up. We also drink a few more shakes than usual once the appointment/check up time rolls near just to be sure! My daughter likes the taste but can only handle half a serving, 1 large scoop as opposed to 2 scoops.

This seems to work OK as long we are consistent with it. 1 in the AM and we try to do another later PM after dinner. Good stuff and is adjustable for your needs. BE CAREFUL!!! I gained 6kg (13lbs) and it was NOT GOOD! Heâ€™s the reason why. I learnt the hard way. something I didnâ€™t hear anyone on YouTube say out loud. Heâ€™s my journey with serious mass: Iâ€™m Harga vitamin d 5 foot 10 I weighed 75.25kg on 26/06/19. I was skinny. My arms were skinny. â€¢ I went to the gym and I lifted 14kg dumbbell in each arm on flatbench chest press.

â€¢ Update on the 26/08/2019 I went to the gym I lifted 26kg on dumbbells in each arm quite easy. And my weight is now 81.25kg I went to the gym 3-4 times a weeks to work on Chest, Triceps, Back, Biceps, Abs and NO Cardio My theory is I thought just because I weighed more I would have a big muscular chest.

But I WAS WRONG. I gained 6kg and I still have the same chest. I JUST GOT A BELLY NOW! My chest is slightly bigger but itâ€™s NOT worth it!

There has to be another way to be ripped WITHOUT gaining weight is my next theory My friend is super ripped. Model typed. 6 pack. Big chest arms, and back and he weighs, 78kg and is 5foot 9 Iâ€™m NO WAY close compared to my friend and my chest is smaller. I have no abs. I have to lose fat now before itâ€™s too late and harder. So should you buy the mass gainer?!?

I STRONGLY!!! Advise to KNOW what youâ€™re buying. DONT just buy it without someone mentoring you. DONT read instructions from the internet. Youâ€™re going to end up fat. I need to lose weight now. And find another way of being ripped muscular without gaining weight.

You donâ€™t need muscle gainer to be ripped. THATS A FACT! Itâ€™s not a magic supplement that will AUTOMATICALLY give you muscles. ITS NOT! You have to be VERY careful. You donâ€™t want to end up overweight like me. I wanted to leave it a while before i reviewed this product and I'll cut to the chase. Ive always struggled to gain weigh I'm not a huge eater and i go gym. Started taking this about 3 months ago, i was 8 stone 7 (I'm 5ft.5).

Now i am 10 stone 1. I love this product and i have tried similar products in the past without results. Please AMAZON keep this at this low price! Bought this a few days ago and the first thing you notice is the scoop size. Its ridiculously big so the two scoops you require take a lot of space in the bottle.

Taste is another let down as the strawberry flavour tastes very chemically! Trust me it's hard to drink! However I have advice on how to consume this and not gag for your dear life! Take one scoop in the morning and one at night/after gym! Best is to mix it with frozen strawberries, banana's, blue berries, red berries(you can buy the pack from Sainsburys). Add Some oats if you like and a small Spoon of chia seeds and frozen avocado pieces. Finally low fat milk(orange cap, it's 1% fat).

Use a blender for 20-30seconds. Your shake is now ready and the taste is now great and you can easily consume 600ml full bottle without a problem. I will update on gains later as only been a couple of days! Hope this helps.

Bought this for my daughter (adult) as she is so underweight and has a small appetite. Unfortunately the novelty of trying to maintain using it every day since has worn off but the first month or so of her using it, I noticed a difference in her regards looking perkier and she seemed to have more energy.she said herself she felt better in herself.

I don't think she has used it consistently enough to gain weight but I do believe that if she had then there would be a difference. Even her complextion seemed to be better which I can only put down to the nutrients within the product. I just wish she had kept it up! I definitely recommend this as not only a weight supplement but definitely one for nutrients.

Worth a try if maintained. Works very well, tastes funny harga vitamin d first but after a while it tastes really good and makes yiu feel full. however. this is a good thing as it is a weight gainer and deffo does the job as i was a skinny lanky dude and have started to fill out. Make sure you are eating 2000 to 3000 kcals a day AS WELL as drinking two scoops of these with a moderate amount of excersize.mainly dumbell curls ,pushups, bench and core excersizes to maximise rests Disclaimer: While we work to ensure that product information is correct, on occasion manufacturers may alter their ingredient lists.

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Vitamin ( bahasa Inggris: vital amine, vitamin) adalah sekelompok senyawa organik berbobot molekul kecil yang memiliki fungsi vital dalam metabolisme setiap organisme, [1] yang tidak dapat dihasilkan oleh tubuh. Nama ini berasal dari gabungan kata bahasa Latin vita yang artinya "hidup" dan amina ( amine) yang mengacu pada suatu gugus fungsi yang memiliki atom nitrogen (N), karena pada awalnya vitamin dianggap demikian.

[2] Kelak diketahui bahwa banyak vitamin yang sama sekali tidak memiliki atom N. Dipandang dari sisi enzimologi (ilmu tentang enzim), vitamin adalah kofaktor dalam harga vitamin d kimia yang di katalisasi oleh enzim. Pada dasarnya, senyawa vitamin ini digunakan tubuh untuk dapat bertumbuh dan berkembang secara normal.

[3] Terdapat 13 jenis vitamin yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh untuk dapat bertumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik. Vitamin tersebut antara lain vitamin A, C, D, E, K, dan B ( tiamin, riboflavin, niasin, asam pantotenat, biotin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, dan folat). [3] Walau memiliki peranan yang sangat penting, tubuh hanya dapat memproduksi vitamin D dan vitamin K dalam bentuk provitamin yang tidak aktif. Sumber berbagai vitamin ini dapat berasal dari makanan, seperti buah-buahan, sayuran, dan suplemen makanan.

[3] Harga vitamin d memiliki peranan spesifik di dalam tubuh dan dapat pula memberikan manfaat kesehatan. Bila kadar senyawa ini tidak mencukupi, tubuh dapat mengalami suatu penyakit. [3] Tubuh hanya memerlukan vitamin dalam jumlah sedikit, tetapi jika kebutuhan ini diabaikan maka metabolisme di dalam tubuh kita akan terganggu karena fungsinya tidak dapat digantikan oleh senyawa lain.

[2] Gangguan kesehatan ini dikenal dengan istilah avitaminosis. [4] Contohnya adalah bila kita kekurangan vitamin A maka kita akan mengalami kerabunan. Di samping itu, asupan vitamin juga tidak boleh berlebihan karena dapat menyebabkan gangguan metabolisme pada tubuh. [5] Daftar isi • 1 Sejarah • 1.1 Era penyembuhan empiris • 1.2 Era karakterisasi defisiensi • 1.3 Masa keemasan • harga vitamin d Era karakterisasi fungsi dan produksi • 1.5 Era penemuan nilai kesehatan vitamin • 2 Berbagai vitamin • 2.1 Vitamin A • 2.2 Vitamin B • 2.3 Vitamin B1 • 2.4 Vitamin B2 • 2.5 Vitamin B3 • 2.6 Vitamin B5 • 2.7 Vitamin B6 • 2.8 Vitamin B12 • 2.9 Vitamin C • 2.10 Vitamin D • 2.11 Vitamin E • 2.12 Vitamin K • 3 Senyawa serupa vitamin • 3.1 Kolina • 3.2 Mioinositol • 3.3 Asam para-aminobenzoat • 3.4 Karnitina • 4 Vitamin sebagai antioksidan • 5 Vitamin dan penuaan tubuh • 6 Lihat pula • 7 Referensi • 8 Pranala luar Sejarah [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin merupakan suatu senyawa yang telah lama dikenal oleh peradaban manusia.

Sudah sejak ribuan tahun lalu, manusia telah mengenal vitamin sebagai salah satu senyawa yang dapat memberikan efek kesehatan bagi tubuh. Seiring dengan berkembangnya zaman dan ilmu pengetahuan, berbagai hal dan penelusuran lebih mendalam mengenai vitamin pun turut diperbaharui.

Garis besar sejarah vitamin dapat dibagi menjadi 5 era penting.

{INSERTKEYS} [6] Disetiap era tersebut, terjadi suatu kemajuan besar terhadap senyawa vitamin ini yang diakibatkan oleh adanya kemajuan teknologi dan ilmu pengetahuan. Era penyembuhan empiris [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Era pertama dimulai pada sekitar tahun 1500- 1570 sebelum masehi. [6] Pada masa itu, banyak ahli pengobatan dari berbagai bangsa, seperti Mesir, Cina, Jepang, Yunani, Roma, Persia, dan Arab, telah menggunakan ekstrak senyawa (diduga vitamin) dari hati yang kemudian digunakan untuk menyembuhkan penyakit kerabunan pada malam hari.

Penyakit ini kemudian diketahui disebabkan oleh defisiensi vitamin A. [2] Walau pada masa tersebut ekstrak hati tersebut banyak digunakan, para ahli pengobatan masih belum dapat mengidentifikasi senyawa yang dapat menyembuhkan penyakit kerabunan tersebut.

Oleh karena itu, era ini dikenal dengan era penyembuhan empiris (berdasarkan pengalaman). [7] Christiaan Eijkman, salah satu tokoh penting dalam sejarah penemuan vitamin.

Era karakterisasi defisiensi [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Perkembangan besar berikutnya mengenai vitamin baru kembali muncul pada tahun 1890-an. [7] Penemuan ini diprakarsai oleh Lunin dan Christiaan Eijkman yang melakukan penelitian mengenai penyakit defisiensi pada hewan.

Penemuan inilah yang kemudian memulai era kedua dari lima garis besar sejarah vitamin di dunia. [6] Penelitian mereka terfokus pada pengamatan penyakit akibat defisiensi senyawa tertentu. Beberapa tahun berselang, ilmuwan Sir Frederick G.

Hopkins yang sedang melakukan analisis penyakit beri-beri pada hewan menemukan bahwa hal ini disebabkan oleh kekurangan suatu senyawa faktor pertumbuhan ( growth factor). [8] Pada tahun 1911, seorang ilmuwan kelahiran Amerika bernama Dr. Casimir Funk berhasil mengisolasi suatu senyawa yang telah dibuktikan dapat mencegah peradangan saraf ( neuritis) untuk pertama kalinya. [9] Dr. Casimir juga berhasil mengisolasi senyawa aktif dari sekam beras yang diyakini memiliki aktivitas anti beri-beri pada tahun berikutnya.

Pada saat itulah (dan untuk pertama kalinya), Dr Funk mempublikasikan senyawa aktif hasil temuannya tersebut dengan istilah vitamine ( vital dan amines). Pemberian nama amines pada senyawa vitamin ini karena diduga semua jenis senyawa aktif ini memiliki gugus amina ( amine).

Hal tersebut kemudian segera disanggah dan diganti menjadi vitamin (dengan penghilangan akhiran huruf "e") pada tahun 1920. [10] Masa keemasan [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Era ketiga sejarah vitamin terjadi beberapa dekade berikutnya. [7] Pada masa tersebut, terjadi banyak penemuan besar mengenai vitamin itu sendiri, meliputi penemuan vitamin jenis baru, metode penapisan yang diperbahurui, penggambaran struktur lengkap vitamin, dan síntesis vitamin B12.

Oleh karena hal tersebutlah, era ketiga dari garis besar sejarah vitamin ini dikenal dengan masa keemasan ( golden age). [7] Banyak penelti yang mendapatkan hadiah nobel atas penemuannya di bidang vitamin ini. Sir Walter N. Hawort mendapatkan nobel di bidang kimia atas penemuan vitamin C pada tahun 1937. Hadiah nobel lainnya diperoleh oleh Carl Peter Henrik Dam di bidang Fisiologi - Pengobatan pada tahun 1943 atas penemuan vitamin K.

[11] Fritz A Litmann juga turut memenangkan nobel atas dedikasinya dibidang penelitian mengenai penemuan koenzim A dan perannya di dalam metabolisme tubuh. [11] Tadeus Reichstein, seorang ahli kimia yang berhasil memproduksi vitamin C secara massal untuk pertama kalinya dalam sejarah. Era karakterisasi fungsi dan produksi [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Era keempat ditandai dengan banyaknya penemuan mengenai fungsi biokimia vitamin di dalam tubuh, perannya dalam makanan yang kita konsumsi sehari-hari, dan produksi komersial vitamin untuk pertama kalinya dalam sejarah.

[7] Pada tahun 1930-an, para peneliti menemukan bahwa vitamin B2 merupakan bagian dari “enzim kuning”. Vitamin B2 ini sendiri diperoleh dari ekstrak ragi. [12] Melalui penelitian ini juga, kelompok vitamin B diketahui berperan sebagai koenzim yang penting di dalam tubuh manusia. Produksi massal vitamin untuk pertama kalinya juga terjadi pada era ini. Dikomersilkan pertama kali oleh Tadeus Reichstein pada tahun 1933, vitamin C telah dijual kepada masyarakat luas dengan harga yang relatif murah sehingga terjangkau bagi khalayak ramai.

[13] Vitamin C yang juga dikenal dengan istilah asam askorbat ini kemudian banyak dipakai sebagai suplemen makanan, penelitian, dan gizi tambahan bagi hewan ternak. Atas hasil penemuan ini, Tadeus Reichstein mendapatkan nobel di bidang Fisiologi – Pengobatan pada tahun 1950. [14] Era penemuan nilai kesehatan vitamin [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Hanya dalam waktu 1 dekade berikutnya setelah era vitamin keempat, perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan telah membawa vitamin keera berikutnya, yaitu era kelima dimana banyak ditemukan nilai kesehatan dari masing-masing jenis vitamin dan penemuan baru mengenai fungsi biokimia vitamin bagi tubuh.

[7] Masa ini dimulai pada tahun 1955 ketika Rudolf Altschul menemukan bahwa niasin ( vitamin B3) dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah. [15] Peranan kesehatan ini terlepas dari efek defisiensi vitamin B3 itu sendiri maupun perannya sebagai koenzim dalam metabolisme tubuh. [16] Berbagai vitamin [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Secara garis besar, vitamin dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 2 kelompok besar, yaitu vitamin yang larut dalam air dan vitamin yang larut dalam lemak.

Hanya terdapat 2 vitamin yang larut dalam air, yaitu B dan C, sedangkan vitamin lainnya, yaitu vitamin A, D, E, dan K bersifat larut dalam lemak. [17] Vitamin yang larut dalam lemak akan disimpan di dalam jaringan adiposa (lemak) dan di dalam hati. Vitamin ini kemudian akan dikeluarkan dan diedarkan ke seluruh tubuh saat dibutuhkan.

Beberapa jenis vitamin hanya dapat disimpan beberapa hari saja di dalam tubuh, sedangkan jenis vitamin lain dapat bertahan hingga 6 bulan lamanya di dalam tubuh. [17] Berbeda dengan vitamin yang larut dalam lemak, jenis vitamin larut dalam air hanya dapat disimpan dalam jumlah sedikit dan biasanya akan segera hilang bersama aliran makanan. Saat suatu bahan pangan dicerna oleh tubuh, vitamin yang terlepas akan masuk ke dalam aliran darah dan beredar ke seluruh bagian tubuh.

Apabila tidak dibutuhkan, vitamin ini akan segera dibuang tubuh bersama urin. [18] Oleh karena hal inilah, tubuh membutuhkan asupan vitamin larut air secara terus-menerus.

Vitamin A [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin A, yang juga dikenal dengan nama retinol, merupakan vitamin yang berperan dalam pembentukkan indra penglihatan yang baik, terutama di malam hari, dan sebagai salah satu komponen penyusun pigmen mata di retina. Selain itu, vitamin ini juga berperan penting dalam menjaga kesehatan kulit dan imunitas tubuh.

[17] Vitamin ini bersifat mudah rusak oleh paparan panas, cahaya matahari, dan udara. Vitamin A banyak ditemukan pada susu, ikan, sayur-sayuran (terutama yang berwarna hijau dan kuning), dan juga buah-buahan (terutama yang berwarna merah dan kuning, seperti cabai merah, wortel, pisang, dan pepaya).

[19] Defisiensi vitamin A dapat menyebabkan rabun senja, katarak, infeksi saluran pernapasan, dan penurunan daya tahan tubuh. Kelebihan vitamin A di dalam tubuh dapat menyebabkan ke racunan. [1] Penyakit yang dapat ditimbulkan antara lain pusing-pusing, kerontokan rambut, kulit kering bersisik, dan pingsan. [20] Selain itu, bila sudah dalam kondisi akut, hal ini dapat menyebabkan kerabunan, terhambatnya pertumbuhan tubuh, pembengkakan hati, dan iritasi kulit.

[1] Sayur-sayuran hijau dan kacang-kacangan sebagai sumber vitamin A dan vitamin B yang tinggi. Vitamin B [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Secara umum, golongan vitamin B berperan penting dalam metabolisme di dalam tubuh, terutama dalam hal pelepasan energi saat beraktivitas. [21] Hal ini terkait dengan peranannya di dalam tubuh, yaitu sebagai senyawa koenzim yang dapat meningkatkan laju reaksi metabolisme tubuh terhadap berbagai jenis sumber energi.

Beberapa jenis vitamin yang tergolong dalam kelompok vitamin B ini juga berperan dalam pembentukan sel darah merah ( eritrosit). Sumber utama vitamin B berasal dari susu, gandum, ikan, dan sayur-sayuran hijau. [20] Vitamin B1 [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin B1, yang dikenal juga dengan nama tiamin, merupakan salah satu jenis vitamin yang memiliki peranan penting dalam menjaga kesehatan kulit dan membantu mengkonversi karbohidrat menjadi energi yang diperlukan tubuh untuk rutinitas sehari-hari.

Di samping itu, vitamin B1 juga membantu proses metabolisme protein dan lemak. Bila terjadi defisiensi vitamin B1, kulit akan mengalami berbagai gangguan, seperti kulit kering dan bersisik. [17] Tubuh juga dapat mengalami beri-beri, gangguan saluran pencernaan, jantung, dan sistem saraf. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut, kita perlu banyak mengonsumsi banyak gandum, nasi, daging, susu, telur, dan tanaman kacang-kacangan.

Bahan makanan inilah yang telah terbukti banyak mengandung vitamin B1. [19] Vitamin B2 [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin B2 ( riboflavin) banyak berperan penting dalam metabolisme di tubuh manusia. [1] Di dalam tubuh, vitamin B2 berperan sebagai salah satu kompenen koenzim flavin mononukleotida ( flavin mononucleotide, FMN) dan flavin adenine dinukleotida ( adenine dinucleotide, FAD). Kedua enzim ini berperan penting dalam regenerasi energi bagi tubuh melalui proses respirasi.

Vitamin ini juga berperan dalam pembentukan molekul steroid, sel darah merah, dan glikogen, serta menyokong pertumbuhan berbagai organ tubuh, seperti kulit, rambut, dan kuku. [6] Sumber vitamin B2 banyak ditemukan pada sayur-sayuran segar, kacang kedelai, kuning telur, dan susu.

Defisiensinya dapat menyebabkan menurunnya daya tahan tubuh, kulit kering bersisik, mulut kering, bibir pecah-pecah, dan sariawan. Vitamin B3 [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin B3 juga dikenal dengan istilah niasin. Vitamin ini berperan penting dalam metabolisme karbohidrat untuk menghasilkan energi, metabolisme lemak, dan protein. [22] Di dalam tubuh, vitamin B3 memiliki peranan besar dalam menjaga kadar gula darah, tekanan darah tinggi, penyembuhan migrain, dan vertigo.

Berbagai jenis senyawa racun dapat dinetralisir dengan bantuan vitamin ini. [22] Vitamin B3 termasuk salah satu jenis vitamin yang banyak ditemukan pada makanan hewani, seperti ragi, hati, ginjal, daging unggas, dan ikan. [17] Akan tetapi, terdapat beberapa sumber pangan lainnya yang juga mengandung vitamin ini dalam kadar tinggi, antara lain gandum dan kentang manis.

Kekurangan vitamin ini dapat menyebabkan tubuh mengalami kekejangan, keram otot, gangguan sistem pencernaan, muntah-muntah, dan mual. [20] Vitamin B5 [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin B5 ( asam pantotenat) banyak terlibat dalam reaksi enzimatik di dalam tubuh. Hal ini menyebabkan vitamin B5 berperan besar dalam berbagai jenis metabolisme, seperti dalam reaksi pemecahan nutrisi makanan, terutama lemak. [6] Peranan lain vitamin ini adalah menjaga komunikasi yang baik antara sistem saraf pusat dan otak dan memproduksi senyawa asam lemak, sterol, neurotransmiter, dan hormon tubuh.

[22] Vitamin B5 dapat ditemukan dalam berbagai jenis variasi makanan hewani, mulai dari daging, susu, ginjal, dan hati hingga makanan nabati, seperti sayuran hijau dan kacang hijau.

Seperti halnya vitamin B1 dan B2, defisiensi vitamin B5 dapat menyebabkan kulit pecah-pecah dan bersisik. Selain itu, gangguan lain yang akan diderita adalah keram otot serta kesulitan untuk tidur. [1] Vitamin B6 [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin B6, atau dikenal juga dengan istilah piridoksin, merupakan vitamin yang esensial bagi pertumbuhan tubuh.

Vitamin ini berperan sebagai salah satu senyawa koenzim A yang digunakan tubuh untuk menghasilkan energi melalui jalur sintesis asam lemak, seperti spingolipid dan fosfolipid. [6] [22] Selain itu, vitamin ini juga berperan dalam metabolisme nutrisi dan memproduksi antibodi sebagai mekanisme pertahanan tubuh terhadap antigen atau senyawa asing yang berbahaya bagi tubuh.

[22] Vitamin ini merupakan salah satu jenis vitamin yang mudah didapatkan karena vitamin ini banyak terdapat di dalam beras, jagung, kacang-kacangan, daging, dan ikan. Kekurangan vitamin dalam jumlah banyak dapat menyebabkan kulit pecah-pecah, keram otot, dan insomnia. [20] Vitamin B12 [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin B12 atau sianokobalamin merupakan jenis vitamin yang hanya khusus diproduksi oleh hewan dan tidak ditemukan pada tanaman.

Oleh karena itu, vegetarian sering kali mengalami gangguan kesehatan tubuh akibat kekurangan vitamin ini. [22] Vitamin ini banyak berperan dalam metabolisme energi di dalam tubuh.

Vitamin B12 juga termasuk dalam salah satu jenis vitamin yang berperan dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan sel saraf, pembentukkan molekul DNA dan RNA, pembentukkan platelet darah.

[6] Telur, hati, dan daging merupakan sumber makanan yang baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan vitamin B12. Kekurangan vitamin ini akan menyebabkan anemia (kekurangan darah), mudah lelah lesu, dan iritasi kulit. [1] Vitamin C [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Buah jeruk, terkenal atas kandungan vitamin C-nya yang tinggi.

Vitamin C ( asam askorbat) banyak memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh kita. Di dalam tubuh, vitamin C juga berperan sebagai senyawa pembentuk kolagen yang merupakan protein penting penyusun jaringan kulit, sendi, tulang, dan jaringan penyokong lainnya. [23] Vitamin C merupakan senyawa antioksidan alami yang dapat menangkal berbagai radikal bebas dari polusi di sekitar lingkungan kita.

Terkait dengan sifatnya yang mampu menangkal radikal bebas, vitamin C dapat membantu menurunkan laju mutasi dalam tubuh sehingga risiko timbulnya berbagai penyakit degenaratif, seperti kanker, dapat diturunkan. [24] Selain itu, vitamin C berperan dalam menjaga bentuk dan struktur dari berbagai jaringan di dalam tubuh, seperti otot. Vitamin ini juga berperan dalam penutupan luka saat terjadi pendarahan dan memberikan perlindungan lebih dari infeksi mikroorganisme patogen.

[23] Melalui mekanisme inilah vitamin C berperan dalam menjaga kebugaran tubuh dan membantu mencegah berbagai jenis penyakit. Defisiensi vitamin C juga dapat menyebabkan gusi berdarah dan nyeri pada per sendian. Akumulasi vitamin C yang berlebihan di dalam tubuh dapat menyebabkan batu ginjal, gangguan saluran pencernaan, dan rusaknya sel darah merah.

[23] Vitamin D [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin D juga merupakan salah satu jenis vitamin yang banyak ditemukan pada makanan hewani, antara lain ikan, telur, susu, serta produk olahannya, seperti keju. Bagian tubuh yang paling banyak dipengaruhi oleh vitamin ini adalah tulang.

Vitamin D ini dapat membantu metabolisme kalsium dan mineralisasi tulang. [25] Sel kulit akan segera memproduksi vitamin D saat terkena cahaya matahari ( sinar ultraviolet).

Bila kadar vitamin D rendah maka tubuh akan mengalami pertumbuhan kaki yang tidak normal, dimana betis kaki akan membentuk huruf O dan X. [26] Di samping itu, gigi akan mudah mengalami kerusakan dan otot pun akan mengalami kekejangan.

[1] Penyakit lainnya adalah osteomalasia, yaitu hilangnya unsur kalsium dan fosfor secara berlebihan di dalam tulang.

Penyakit ini biasanya ditemukan pada remaja, sedangkan pada manula, penyakit yang dapat ditimbulkan adalah osteoporosis, yaitu kerapuhan tulang akibatnya berkurangnya kepadatan tulang.

Kelebihan vitamin D dapat menyebabkan tubuh mengalami diare, berkurangnya berat badan, muntah-muntah, dan dehidrasi berlebihan. [17] Vitamin E [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Struktur molekul vitamin E Vitamin E berperan dalam menjaga kesehatan berbagai jaringan di dalam tubuh, mulai dari jaringan kulit, mata, sel darah merah hingga hati. Selain itu, vitamin ini juga dapat melindungi paru-paru manusia dari polusi udara.

Nilai kesehatan ini terkait dengan kerja vitamin E di dalam tubuh sebagai senyawa antioksidan alami. Vitamin E banyak ditemukan pada ikan, ayam, kuning telur, ragi, dan minyak tumbuh-tumbuhan. Walaupun hanya dibutuhkan dalam jumlah sedikit, kekurangan vitamin E dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan yang fatal bagi tubuh, antara lain ke mandulan baik bagi pria maupun wanita. Selain itu, saraf dan otot akan mengalami gangguan yang berkepanjangan. [20] Vitamin K [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Vitamin K banyak berperan dalam pembentukan sistem peredaran darah yang baik dan penutupan luka.

Defisiensi vitamin ini akan berakibat pada pendarahan di dalam tubuh dan kesulitan pembekuan darah saat terjadi luka atau pendarahan.

Selain itu, vitamin K juga berperan sebagai kofaktor enzim untuk mengkatalis reaksi karboksilasi asam amino asam glutamat. [27] Oleh karena itu, kita perlu banyak mengonsumsi susu, kuning telur, dan sayuran segar yang merupakan sumber vitamin K yang baik bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan di dalam tubuh.

[17] Berikut adalah senyawa-senyawa yang tergolong vitamin alami. Tahun penemuan vitamin alami dan sumbernya Tahun penemuan Vitamin Nama biokimia Ditemukan di 1909 Vitamin A Retinol Wortel 1912 Vitamin B 1 Tiamin Susu 1912 Vitamin C Asam askorbat Jeruk sitrun 1918 Vitamin D Kalsiferol Keju 1920 Vitamin B 2 Riboflavin Telur 1922 Vitamin E Tokoferol Minyak mata bulir gandum 1926 Vitamin B 12 Sianokobalamin Telur 1929 Vitamin K Filokuinona Kuning telur 1931 Vitamin B 5 Asam pantotenat Susu 1931 Vitamin B 7 Biotin Hati 1934 Vitamin B 6 Piridoksin Kacang 1936 Vitamin B 3 Niasin Ragi 1941 Vitamin B 9 Asam folat Hati Sel darah merah, terbentuk sempurna oleh kontribusi vitamin B, C, dan E, serta asam para-aminobenzoat Selain vitamin, tubuh juga memproduksi senyawa lain yang juga berperan dalam kelancaran metabolisme di dalam tubuh.

Senyawa ini memiliki karakteristik dan aktivitas yang mirip dengan vitamin sehingga sering kali disebut dengan istilah senyawa serupa vitamin. [28] Perbedaan utamanya dengan vitamin adalah senyawa ini diproduksi tubuh dalam jumlah yang cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Beberapa senyawa ini pernah diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelompok vitamin B kompleks karena kemiripan fungsi dan sumber makanannya.

Akan tetapi, secara umum peranan senyawa serupa vitamin ini tidaklah sepenting vitamin. [28] Kolina [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Kolina merupakan salah satu senyawa yang termasuk dalam golongan senyawa serupa vitamin. Senyawa ini dapat ditemukan di setiap sel mahluk hidup dan berperan dalam pengaturan sistem saraf yang baik dan beberapa metabolisme sel. {/INSERTKEYS}

{INSERTKEYS} [29] Mioinositol [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Mioinositol ( myoinositol) juga termasuk dalam golongan senyawa serupa vitamin yang larut dalam air. [30] Peranannya dalam tubuh secara spesifik belum diketahui. Asam para-aminobenzoat [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Asam para-aminobenzoat ( 4-aminobenzoic acid, PABA) yang berperan sebagai senyawa antioksidan dan penyusun sel darah merah.

Karnitina [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Karnitina merupakan senyawa lain yang berperan dalam sistem transportasi asam lemak dan pembentukkan otot tubuh. [29] Vitamin sebagai antioksidan [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Semua jenis kehidupan di bumi memerlukan energi untuk dapat bertahan hidup.

Untuk menghasilkan energi ini, makhluk hidup memerlukan bantuan berbagai substansi, salah satunya adalah oksigen.

Oksigen terlibat secara langsung dalam metabolisme energi di dalam tubuh. Sebagai produk sampingannya, oksigen dilepaskan dalam bentuk yang tidak stabil. Molekul inilah yang dikenal dengan nama radikal bebas ( free radicals). [31] Oksigen yang tidak stabil memiliki elektron bebas yang tidak berpasangan sehingga bersifat reaktif. Kereaktifan oksigen ini sangat berbahaya bagi tubuh karena dapat mengoksidasi dan merusak DNA, protein, karbohidrat, asam lemak, dan membran sel di dalam tubuh.

Sumber radikal bebas lainnya adalah asap rokok, polusi lingkungan, dan sinar ultraviolet. [32] Asap rokok, salah satu sumber radikal bebas yang dapat merusak jaringan tubuh, terutama paru-paru. Tubuh memiliki beberapa mekanisme pertahanan terhadap senyawa radikal bebas ini untuk menetralkan efek negatifnya. Kebanyakan diantaranya adalah senyawa antioksidan alami, seperti enzim superoksida dismutase, katalase, dan glutation peroksidase. Antioksidan sendiri berarti senyawa yang dapat mencegah terjadinya peristiwa oksidasi atau reaksi kimia lain yang melibatkan molekul oksigen (O 2).

[33] Senyawa lain yang juga dapat berperan sebagai antioksidan adalah glutation, CoQ10, dan gugus tiol pada protein, serta vitamin. [34] Beberapa jenis vitamin telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang cukup tinggi. Contoh vitamin yang banyak berperan sebagai senyawa antioksidan di dalam tubuh adalah vitamin C dan vitamin E.

[6] Vitamin E dapat membantu melindungi tubuh dari oksidasi senyawa radikal bebas. [34] Vitamin ini juga mampu bekerja dalam kondisi kadar senyawa radikal bebas yang tinggi sehingga mampu dengan efisien dan efektif menekan reaksi perusakan jaringan di dalam tubuh melalui proses oksidasi.

Di samping vitamin E, terdapat satu jenis vitamin lagi yang juga memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi, yaitu vitamin C. Vitamin ini berinteraksi dengan senyawa radikal bebas di bagian cairan sel. Selain itu, vitamin C juga dapat memulihkan kondisi tubuh akibat adanya reaksi oksidasi dari berbagai senyawa berbahaya.

[34] Bila kadar radikal bebas di dalam tubuh menjadi sangat berlebih dan tidak lagi dapat diantisipasi oleh senyawa antioksidan maka akan timbul berbagai penyakit kronis, seperti kanker, arterosklerosis, penyakit jantung, katarak, alzhemeir, dan reumatik. [31] Bagi orang yang memiliki sejarah penyakit kronis tersebut dalam garis keturunannya, dianjurkan untuk mengonsumsi banyak makanan yang mengandung vitamin C dan E sebagai sumber senyawa antioksidan.

Selain itu, suplemen makanan juga dapat turut membantu mengatasi masalah tersebut. Vitamin dan penuaan tubuh [ sunting - sunting sumber ] Struktur dari mitokondria, salah satu organel sel penghasil energi bagi tubuh. Penuaan tubuh merupakan hasil akumulasi dari berbagai kerusakan sel dan jaringan yang tidak dapat diperbaiki.

Pada keadaan normal, kerusakan pada sel dan jaringan tubuh dapat diperbaiki melalui proses replikasi sel tubuh yang juga dikenal dengan istilah mitosis. [35] Akan tetapi, pada berbagai kasus sel yang rusak tidak lagi dapat diperbaharui, melainkan terus terakumulasi. Hal inilah yang berpotensi menyebabkan penuaan pada tubuh. [34] Senyawa radikal bebas merupakan salah satu agen yang berkontribusi besar dalam peristiwa ini.

Mitokondria merupakan salah satu organel sel yang paling rentan mengalami kerusakan oleh senyawa oksigen reaktif (radikal bebas).

Hal ini terkait dengan banyaknya reaksi pelepasan oksigen bebas di dalam organel ini yang merupakan pusat metabolisme energi tubuh. [31] Banyak penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa tingkat kerusakan mitokondria ini berhubungan langsung dengan proses penuaan tubuh atau panjangnya umur suatu makhluk hidup.

Selain itu, kerusakan DNA akibat reaksi oksidasi oleh radikal bebas juga turut berperan besar dalam peristiwa ini. [31] Oleh karena itu, tubuh memerlukan suatu senyawa untuk menekan efek perusakan oleh radikal bebas. Vitamin merupakan satu dari berbagai jenis senyawa yang dapat menghambat reaksi perusakan tubuh best bodybuilding supplements oleh senyawa radikal bebas terkait dengan aktivitas antioksidannya.

Asupan vitamin antioksidan yang cukup akan membantu tubuh mengurangi efek penuaan oleh radikal bebas, terutama oleh oksigen bebas yang reaktif. [36] Selain itu, vitamin juga berkontribusi dalam menyokong sistem imun yang baik sehingga risiko terkena berbagai penyakit degeneratif dan penyakit lainnya dapat ditekan, terutama pada manula.

Jadi, secara tidak langsung, asupan vitamin yang cukup dan seimbang dapat menciptakan kondisi tubuh yang sehat dan berumur panjang. Lihat pula [ sunting - sunting sumber ] • Kurkumin Referensi [ sunting - sunting sumber ] • ^ a b c d e f g "Vitamin oleh Bono" . Diakses tanggal 2010-04-07. • ^ a b c "Rahayu ID. Klasifikasi, Fungsi dan Metabolisme Vitamin" (PDF). Universitas Pertanian dan Peternakan UMM. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2011-12-16 .

Diakses tanggal 2010-04-23. • ^ a b c d Vitamin, US National Library of Medicine dan National Institue of Health • ^ "Siswono. 2003. Mikroskop Avitaminosis". Republika. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-06-12 . Diakses tanggal 2010-04-23. • ^ "Suplemen Vitamin". • ^ a b c d e f g h Vitamin Basics, DSM Nutritional Products • ^ a b c d e f "Lima Era Sejarah Vitamin" .

Diakses tanggal 2010-04-05. • ^ "Mary Bellis. 2010. Vitamin, Production Method: The History of Vitamin". • ^ Challem Jack. 1997. The Past, Present and Future of Vitamins. http://www.thenutritionreporter.com/history_of_vitamins.html Diarsipkan 2005-11-30 di Wayback Machine. • ^ Kimpel PA. 2010. Vitamin: How Much is Too Much??.

http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/Spring2000/Kimpel/vitamins.html • ^ a b Nobel Foundation 1943. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1943/dam-bio.html • ^ Sullivan K.

2002. Vitamins and Minerals: A Practical Approach to a Health Diet and Safe Supplementation. Harper Collins. • ^ Biografi Tadeus Richtein. Cartage. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/R/Reichstein/1.html Diarsipkan 2011-12-29 di Wayback Machine. • ^ The Nobel Foundation 1950. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1950/reichstein-bio.html. Diakases pada 20 April 2010 • ^ Muller D, Mehling H, Lips RB, Luft F.

2007. Niacin lowers serum phosphate and increases HDL cholesterol in dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2:1249-54 • ^ Altschul R, Hoffer A, Stephen JD. 1955. Influence of Nicotinic Acid on Serum Cholesterol in Man. Arch Biochem Biophys 54:558–9 • ^ a b c d e f g "Godam. 2006. Pengertian dan Definisi Vitamin". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-03-04 . Diakses tanggal 2010-04-07. • ^ Nemours. 2010. Vitamin. http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/vitamin.html#.

Diakses pada 10 April 2010 • ^ a b "http://www.vitamins-supplements.org/" . Diakses tanggal 2010-04-07. Hapus pranala luar di parameter -title= ( bantuan) • ^ a b c d e "Higdon J. 2002. Vitamin". Linus Pauling Institute . Diakses tanggal 2010-04-09. • ^ "Vitamins (for Kids) - Nemours KidsHealth". kidshealth.org . Diakses tanggal 19 Apr 2020. • ^ a b c d e f Vitamin and Health Supplements Guide.

Supplements Store. http://www.vitamins-supplements.org/. Diakses pada 23 April 2010 • ^ a b c Naidu KA. 2003. Vitamin C in human health and disease is still mistery? An Overview. J Nutr 2:7 • ^ Stonehaven.

2008. Vitamin C: A powerful weapon in the prevention of degenerative disease. http://www.preventive-health-guide.com/vitamin-c.html Diarsipkan 2010-03-16 di Wayback Machine.. Diakses pada 20 April 2010 • ^ Lappe JM, Gustafson DT, Davies KM, Recker RR, Heaney RP.

2007. {/INSERTKEYS}

Vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduces cancer risk: results of a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr 85(6):1586-91 • ^ Sharrard. 1976. Knock knees and bow legs. Br Med J 1:826-827 • ^ Furie B, Bouchard BA, Furie BC. 1999. Vitamin K-dependent biosynthesis of gamma-carboxyglutamic harga vitamin d. Blood 93(6):1798-1808. • ^ a b Vitamin Like Substances. http://www.cyber-north.com/vitamins/vitaminlike.html.

Diakses pada 10 April 2010 • ^ a b McDowell LR. 2008. Vitamins in Animal and Human Nutrition. Ed ke-2. Iowa State University Press: AS. ISBN 978-0-8138-2630-1 • ^ Onomi S, Katayama T, Sato K. 2000. Effects of dietary myo-inositol related compounds on sucrose-mediated hepatic lipid accumulation in rats. Nutr Research 19(9):1401-09 • ^ a b c d "Vitamin Antioksidan". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2010-04-10.

• ^ UV Rays, Pollution and Smoking. 2010. http://www.globaltlp.com/?p=256 [ pranala nonaktif permanen] • ^ Antioxidant Vitamins: Benefits Not Yet Proved (editorial) NEJM vol 330 (15) Apr. 14, 1994. p 1080 - 1081 • ^ a b c d George R. 2005. The best defense: free radicals from pollution and the sun take a terrible toll on your skin. Go on the offense with topical antioxidants. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0NAH/is_5_35/ai_n13654081/ • ^ Sadava, et al.

2008. Life:The Science of Biology. Ed ke-8. Sinauer Associates: US • ^ "Warner J. 2003. Myth vs. Reality on Anti-Aging Vitamins".

Diakses tanggal 2010-04-10. Pranala luar [ sunting - sunting sumber ] • Vitamin Deficiency harga vitamin d Definisi, Karakteristik, Fungsi, dan Sumber Berbagai Jenis Vitamin • The Nutrition Source Vitamins, oleh Harvard School of Public B 1 ( Tiamina) · B 2 ( Riboflavin) · B 3 ( Niasin, Nikotinamida) · B 5 ( Asam pantotenat, Dekspantenol, Pantetina) · B 6 ( Piridoksina, Piridoksal fosfat, Piridoksamina) B 7 ( Biotin) · B 9 ( Asam folat, Asam dihidrofolat, Asam folinat) · B 12 ( Sianokobalamin, Hidroksokobalamin, Metilkobalamin, Kobamamida) · Kolina C • Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 27 April 2022, pukul 01.29.

• Teks tersedia di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. Lihat Ketentuan Penggunaan untuk lebih jelasnya. • Kebijakan privasi • Tentang Wikipedia • Penyangkalan • Tampilan seluler • Pengembang • Statistik • Pernyataan kuki • •
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